225例小细胞低色素症小儿病因与临床分析

目的探讨珠海市户籍小儿小细胞低色素症的病因并分析其临床表现。方法采用已建立的技术与方法,分析我院儿科门诊与病房收治的珠海市户籍225例小细胞低色素症患儿的珠蛋白基因型、铁代谢状态和红细胞指标等并详细记录其临床表现。结果在上述病例中,α和β地贫基因检出率分别为43.6%和30.7%,缺铁的发生率为44.4%。在96例单纯性小细胞低色素症中,有78例检出地贫基因（81.3%）。结论地贫是引起珠海市小儿小细胞低色素性症主要的原因,其次是缺铁。因此,地贫和缺铁的鉴别诊断对于儿科临床非常重要。

Analysis on Clinic and Etiology of Two Hundred Twenty-five Children of Zhuhai Household Registration with Microcytosis and Hypochromia

Objective To investigate the reasons and to analyze on clinical presentations of microcytosis and hypochromia in children of zhuhai household registration. Methods Two hundred twenty--five zhildren of microcytesis and hypochromia in Children of zhuhal household registration were studied at the Outpatient and inpatient department of pediatrics of zhuhai municipal maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, who analyzed by using established techniques that tests genotypes of globius and that revalue the iron metabolic state as well as determine hematological parameters such as HGB, EBC, EDW, MCV, MCH, MCHC, etc. The clinical presentation of children with the disease was recorded in detail. Results The incidence of α --thiassenia and β --thalassemia as were as iron deficiency（Ⅱ） 43.6% and 30.71 and 44.4%, respectively. There was as high as 81.3% rate of thalassemias mutations detected in the 96 cases with simplex microcytosis and hypochromia. Conclusion The thalassemias count on the major cause of microcytic and hypochromic anemia in children of zhuhai city and it is very important the discriminative diagnosis between thalassemia and Iron--deficiency.