老年人群慢性病患病状况及对其日常生活能力的影响

目的：研究老年人群的健康状况及其日常生活功能的受损情况，分析其主要影响因素及其作用大小，为当前的医疗卫生体制改革提供理论依据。方法：采用整群随机抽样方法，抽样调查安徽省部分城市和农村的老年人口的患病情况及其日常生活功能，应用单因素分析和多因素的logistic回归模型分析了老人日常生活功能（ADL）受损的主要影响因素。结果：年龄、婚姻状况、患病数量和吸烟习惯等是老人ADL损害的主要危险因素，而锻炼身体、月均收入和一般健康保健知识是ADL损害的保护因素。此外，不同的患病种类对老人的ADL功能影响差异较大。结论：目前老年人的ADL功能受损情况较为严重，影响因素很多，寻找有效的、切实可行的干预措施以提高老年人的健康生命质量。

The status of chronic conditions among the elderly and the influencing factors related to ADL of old people

Objective To survey about the health status, the activity of daily living conditions and their influencing factors among the elderly in Anhui province, to provide the reference for the current health service system reform of China. Methods 1 424 older persons were selected by Cluster sampling and random sampling methods. The chronic diseases prevalence rate, the damage of ADL among the elderly were investigated. The main influencing factors related to the damage of ADL was analyzed by single and multiple variable logistic regression model. Results The older persons with aging, lose fare or divorce, multiple chronic disease and smoking habit were at high risk to ADL damage, but physical exercise, high income and well health knowledge may be protective factors which can reduce the ADL damage rate. Different kind of chronic diseases played the different role in the ADL damage among the elderly. Conclusion The conditions of ADL damage remains serious among the elderly and there are a lot of affected factors. How to find the effective preventive intervention for the elderly and put it into practice, improve their quality of health living are new social problems in china.