辅助生殖技术的伦理问题与论争

人工辅助生殖技术的应用对于人类传统的道德观念发生了挑战,产生了一些特殊的伦理问题.对人类克隆是否应该进行也有许多争论.人工授精、体外受精的伦理问题主要有：生殖控制技术违背了自然规律是否道德？是否单身妇女、同性恋者及任何年龄的妇女都可以要求做人工授精、体外受精等;人类精子库的伦理问题和争议有捐精子者有无对孩子的责任？孩子有无权利寻找生物学父亲等？卵子和精子是否应该商业化等;代孕母亲的伦理争议有代孕母亲可否商业化,是否会产生对妇女的剥削和不平等.有关克隆人的伦理争论包括人类克隆的过程可能有对克隆人有不可接受的危险,可能减轻对人生命的尊重和违背克隆人重要的道德权利等.

The Ethical Issues and Disputes on Assisted Reproductive Technology

The ethical disputes on assisted reproductive technologies include: it is believed the application of assisted reproductive technologies disobeys the conventional reproductive approach,so it becomes quite controversial whether or not could single women or lesbians take advantage of the assisted reproductive technologies? What are the duties of genetically father,could the children created by assisted reproductive technologies look for their genetic fathers? Could the human eggs and sperms be commercialized? Could the surrogate mother be tolerated by the society? Could the surrogate mother be commercialized as a profession? The ethical disputes on human cloning include: Will the reproductive technologies procedure of human cloning harm the cloned person? How to regard the human dignity when we use the human cloning? What are the rights of a cloned person? In this paper,the author discusses the ethical guidelines in assisted reproductive technologies applied both at home and abroad,and the views on human cloning from both sides.The discussion will surely contribute to solving the various ethical problems caused by the research and application of assisted reproductive technologies and the future development of human cloning technology.