石河子地区城市和团场老年人患病现状及危险因素分析

目的：了解石河子地区城市和团场常见老年慢性病现状并探讨行为生活方式对主要慢性非传染性疾病的影响。方法：采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对石河子地区年龄在60岁及以上且在该地区居住20年以上的居民进行慢性病患病及行为生活方式状况调查。结果：①石河子地区老年人慢性病的患病率为74.4%,其中团场为68.9%,城市为86.0%,城市高于团场（χ2=34.683,P=0.000）,团场女性高于男性,而城市男女患病率差异无统计学意义。②石河子地区老年人中高血压患病率最高,其次为冠心病、关节炎、胃炎和COPD。③该地区老年人一人患2种及以上疾病的占45.8%,且随着年龄的增加患慢性病的数目也增加（χ2=13.228,P=0.000）。④多因素非条件逐步Logistic回归显示：团场和城市老年人慢性病的危险因素存在差异,月收入、退休前职业、文化程度、吃水果情况与城市老年人慢性病相关;性别、年龄、缺乏运动、睡眠质量、体质指数与团场老年人慢性病相关。结论：石河子地区60岁及以上老年人慢性病的患病率较高,且存在城乡和性别的差异,应针对团场和城市人群的不同特点加强健康教育,以改善老年人的的卫生行为,从而增进居民健康,提高生命质量。

Study on the Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Between the Old Residents in City and Rural of Shihezi area

Objective： The study on common chronic diseases and influencing factors associated among the old aged people between city and rura in Shihezi area.Methods：This study takes hierarchical cluster,the three stages,probability of random sampling method,using questionnaire survey were conducted about common chronic diseases and influencing factors associated among the old aged people that aged 60 years and above in Shihezi area.Results：①The prevalence rate of all chronic diseases was 74.4%,68.9% the old aged people of village and 68.0% the old aged people of city.The rate of all chronic diseases women were higher than man in rural（73.1% vs 64.8%,χ2=5.745,P=0.018）,there was no differece in city between women and men.②The prevalence rate of hypertension was highest,the next were coronary heart disease,arthritis,gastritis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.③The rate of chronic disease among the elders was 45.8% of whom suffered from more than two kinds of chronic diseases,and the number of chronic disease of the elderly increased with ageing in Shihezi area.④Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk were different between city and rural,occupation before retail,received education degree,income and eating fruite were the main influence factors for the common chronic diseases of the olders in city,gender,age,exercise,sleepy quality and body mass index were the main influence factors for the common chronic diseases of the olders in rural.Conclusion：The prevalence rates of chronic diseases was high between rural and city in Shihezi,it should be targeted the different characteristics of people to enhance health education,to improve the health behavior of older persons in order to enhance the health of residents and improve the quality of life.