1190例非综合征性耳聋患者GJB2基因突变序列分析

目的分析非综合征性耳聋（NSHI）患者GJB2基因的突变序列,为绘制中国NSHI人群GJB2基因的突变图谱奠定基础。方法收集北京、河北、黑龙江、吉林、内蒙古、山西、河南、湖北、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、青海、安徽省、江苏、上海、福建、广东、广西等地区聋哑学校1190例NSHI患者及301例正常对照的血样,进行GJB2基因聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增产物测序,检测GJB2基因的序列改变,对GJB2基因的序列改变进行统计。结果1190例患者中,共检测到明确病理性突变16种。NSHI患者组和对照组之间235delC、299-300delAT、176dell6bp差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。结论确定了235delC为中国NSHI人群中GJB2基因最常见的突变方式,其次为299-300delAT、176ddl6bp,检测结果为绘制中国NSHI人群GJB2基因的突变图谱奠定了理论基础。

Mutation of GJB2 gene in nonsyndromic hearing impairment patients: analysis of 1190 cases

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the sequence of GJB2 gene in nonsyndromic hearing impairment (NSHI) patients in China. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 1190 NSHI patients randomly selected from the Deaf and Mute Schools of Beijing, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Fujian, Guangdong, and Guangxi, and 301 children with normal hearing level used as controls. Genomic DNA was extracted by extraction kits to undergo polymerase chain reaction and sequencing so as to detect the mutations of GJB2 gene. RESULTS: Sixteen pathogenic mutations of GJB2 gene were found, the most common of which included 235delC, 299-300delAT, and 176del16bp. 250 patients (21.05%) carried definite GJB2 mutations, 245 of which (98%) carried at least one of these 3 common mutations. 222 of the 250 patients (88.80%) carried the mutation 235delC with a detection rate of 18.66%. 62 of the 250 patients (24.80%) carried the mutation 299-300delAT with a detection rate of 5.21%. 19 of the 250 patients (7.60%) carried the mutation 176del16bp with a detection rate of 1.60%. The detection rates of these 3 mutations in the NSHI patients were all significantly higher than those among the controls (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The hot spot of GJB2 gene mutations in Chinese NSHI patients is 235delC, followed by 299-300delAT and 176del16bp. These results establish a fundamental basis for drawing a spectrum of GJB2 gene mutation among Chinese population.