体内连续筛选法建立自发性肺转移人肝癌细胞系

目的　从人肝癌裸鼠肺转移灶中建立人肝癌细胞系 ,为探索肝癌转移的分子机制提供模型。方法　用高转移性人肝癌克隆细胞株MHCC97 H接种裸鼠 ,进行 3次肺转移筛选 ,取肺转移瘤建成皮下接种后自发性肺转移的细胞系。检测下列指标 :形态学、生长曲线、克隆形成率、运动速度、核型分析、流式细胞分析、免疫细胞化学检查、HBVDNA、成瘤性和转移性。结果　从裸鼠肺转移灶中培养出人肝癌细胞系HCCLM3,为多边形上皮性癌细胞 ,亚三倍体核型 ,染色体众数范围 5 5～ 5 8条 ;细胞倍增时间 34 9h ;克隆形成率 32 4 %± 3 2 % ;细胞运动速度 (2 0± 2 ) μm/h ;免疫细胞化学显示甲胎蛋白、白蛋白、细胞角质蛋白 8、P16阳性 ,P5 3、nm2 3、HBsAg阴性 ;细胞基因组中有HBVDNA整合。裸鼠皮下接种成瘤率 10 0 % ,5周后自发性肺转移率为 10 0 % ,肺转移灶中位数 12 1个 /裸鼠。瘤组织原位接种于裸鼠肝脏 ,5周后腹壁转移 10 0 %、腹腔内转移 80 %、肝内转移 10 0 %、膈肌转移 70 %、肺转移10 0 % ,肺转移灶中位数 2 6 8个 /裸鼠。结论　建成一个皮下和原位接种均出现自发性高转移的人肝癌细胞系 ,为研究肝癌转移提供了新的实验模型

Establishment of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line with spontaneous pulmonary metastasis through in vivo selection

OBJECTIVE: To establish a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line from lung metastatic lesions of human HCC in nude mice so as to provide suitable model for the study of lung-metastasis-related molecular mechanisms. METHODS: HCC clone cells MHCC97-H were inoculated subcutaneously into nude mice. The pulmonary metastatic lesions were harvested from the moribund animals and then re-implanted into the nude mice for the second round of selection. The same procedure was repeated twice. New cell line from the third round of lung metastasis was thus established and the following parameters were studied: morphology, in vitro growth curve, plate efficiency, migration, karyotype, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry for AFP, albumin and cytokeratin 8 (CK8), flourescent PCR for HBV DNA, tumorigenicity and spontaneous metastasis via subcutaneous injection and orthotopic implantation of tumor tissue. RESULTS: The cell line established from nude mouse lung metastasis was designated as HCCLM3, consisting of polygonal epithelial cells with hypotriploid karyotype, its main range of chromosome being 55 - 58. The cell population doubling time was 34.9 hours, plate efficiency 32.4 +/- 3.2%, and cell migration rate 20 +/- 2 microm/h. The cells were positive for AFP, albumin, CK8, and P16 and negative for P53, nm23 and HBsAg. Fluorescent PCR showed HBV DNA integration into cellular genome. When 5 x 10(6) cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice, the tumorigenicity was 100% with a latency period of 11 +/- 1 d. Five weeks after subcutaneous injection, the pulmonary metastatic rate was 100%, the median number of lung metastases being 121 per mouse. After orthotopic implantation of tumor tissue into nude mouse liver for 35 d, wide spread regional and distant metastases occurred, the metastatic rate was 100% for abdominal wall, 80% for organs in abdominal cavity, 100% for liver, 70% for diaphragm, and 100% for lung. The median number of lung metastatic lesions was 268 per mouse. CONCLUSION: A new HCC cell line has been established, which is characterized by high pulmonary metastasis via both subcutaneous and orthotopic inoculation. It provides a new model for the study of liver cancer metastasis.