应用超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子标记神经干细胞及活体磁共振示踪的实验研究

目的 探索超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子(SPIO)标记神经干细胞体的方法及其检测手段,研究标记细胞移植后在活体上磁共振信号的改变。方法 分离培养新生鼠皮层神经干细胞,使用SPIO和多聚赖氨酸联合标记神经干细胞;将标记后的神经干细胞移植入Wistar大鼠脑内,应用不同的扫描序列对脑内移植的神经干细胞进行示踪。结果 体外标记的神经干细胞普鲁士蓝染色见细胞浆内有许多蓝染的铁颗粒,电镜检查表明SPIO颗粒存在于标记细胞的吞饮小泡及细胞基质内,标记后的细胞可正常分化。脑内移植的标记细胞在磁共振上呈明显的低信号改变,以GREE序列信号改变最为明显。结论 超顺磁性氧化铁粒子可以用来标记神经干细胞,且对细胞增殖、分化无影响,SPIO颗粒存在于标记细胞的吞饮小泡及细胞基质内。标记后体内移植的神经干细胞可以在MR上产生明显的低信号改变。

Labeling neural stem cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide in vitro and tracking after implantation with MRI in vivo

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of monitoring the neural stem cells implanted into the brain by the technique of labeling with superparamagnetic iron oxide ( SPIO). Methods Neural stem cells were isolated from the cerebral cortex of newborn Wister rats and cultured. SPIO particles and poly-L-lysine were added into the medium to be co-cultured foe one hour. After the formation of neurospheres, Prussian blue staining was conducted and transmission electron microscopy was used to identify the iron particles in these neural stem cells. Sixteen adult female Wistar rats underwent transplantation of labeled neural stem cells into the right side of brain and non-labeled cells were transplanted into the contralateral part as controls. 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7 weeks after the transplantation, MRI examination with the scanning sequences of SE T2WI, FSE T2WI, and GRE T2 * respectively was conducted on the brains of the rats. Four rats at each time point were killed and their brains were taken out to undergo HE staining and Prussian blue staining to track the presence of labeled-cells. Results After the addition of SPIO the neurospheres continued to proliferate and differentiate normally. Electron microscopy showed vacuolar structures of different sizes under the cytoplasma membrane within and outside which there were high-density iron particles. Prussian blue staining showed numerous blue stained particles in the cytoplasm of the labeled cells. Remarkable low signal change was seen in the right brain transplanted with labeled cells, especially in the condition of scanning sequence of GRET2. Such change could be seen up to 7 weeks after the transplantation. No signal change was found in the left brain. Conclusion SPIO labeling technique is useful in monitoring the outcome of transplanted neural stem cells.