中国14省市高血压现状的流行病学研究

目的了解2002年中国高血压流行病学现状,为进一步控制高血压病奠定基础.方法选取中国南北方共14省市的自然人群进行整群抽样调查,采用国际通用的标准化调查方法,在人群中进行以高血压为主要内容的心血管流行病学调查并统计结果.结果调查人数为29 076人,患有高血压的为9872人.高血压总患病率标准化后为27.86%,男性病人高血压患病率为34.72%,女性为25.34%,男性高于女性,年龄分组显示患病率随年龄增加而增加.各地区患病率进行比较显示北方高于南方,男性中河北省最高为47.89%,广东省最低为18.59%;女性中河北省最高为38.30%,湖北、山东较低.且有自北向南减低的趋势.高血压知晓率为60.7%,治疗率标准化后为37.7%,控制率为5.7%.结论中国高血压的患病率比较高,而高血压的知晓率,治疗率和控制率偏低.在我国仍需要改善高血压的预防、检测和治疗状况.

Current status of primary hypertension in China: an epidemiological study of 12 provinces, 1 autonomous regions, and 1 municipality

Objective To investigate the current prevalence of primary hypertension in China in 2002 so as to lay a foundation for further control of hypertension in future. Methods Physical examination, including measurement of the blood pressure using international standardized methods especially, was conducted among 29 076 persons aged 35~85, 13555 males (46.6%) and 15521 females (53.4%), by cluster sampling in Tianjin, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Yunnan, and Shaanxi. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 27.9% in general.The prevalence increased along with the age. The rate of awareness of being ill with hypertension was 60.71% in generals (9872/29 076), and was 55.64% among the males, significantly lower than that among the females (65.42, P<0.001). The treatment rate 49.65% (4901/9872) in general, and was significantly higher among the females than among the males (P<0.01). The control rate was 5.7% (562/9872). In general, the prevalence of hypertension was higher in the North than in the South, and was becoming lower and lower from the North to the South. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is high, while the rates of awareness, treatment and control are low in China.