超声在2型糖尿病患者颈部及下肢动脉病变诊断中的应用

目的:探讨超声在2型糖尿病患者颈部及下肢动脉病变诊断中的应用。方法:将2013年5月至2015年9月本院收治的105例2型糖尿病患者作为观察组,50例无糖尿病的健康人群作为对照组。观察组患者行颈部动脉检查52例,下肢动脉检查53例;对照组行颈部动脉检查23例,下肢动脉27例。对比两组检查者血管形态、斑块、颈动脉内膜中膜复合体厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)指标及血管狭窄等情况。结果:观察组患者颈部动脉、下肢动脉血管IMT指标高于对照组,且硬化斑块、狭窄检出阳性率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);对比动脉硬化性质,观察组患者下肢动脉硬化病变类型为多节段性及弥漫型,血管狭窄、闭塞发生于胫前后动脉与足背动脉,对照组下肢动脉粥样硬化病变类型则为单发型、局灶型。结论:超声检查可准确检出糖尿病患者颈部及下肢动脉斑块、狭窄、闭塞等情况,并可通过对相关参数的测量可诊断动脉病变的发生,具有临床应用及推广价值。

Application of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of carotid artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective:To explore the application of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of carotid artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:105 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected as the research object in our hospital from May 2013 to September 2015,and another 50 healthy persons were selected as the control group.52 cases in diabetes group were given the carotid artery examination,and 53 cases were given the lower extremity arterial examination;23 cases in control group were given the ca-rotid artery examination,and 27 cases were given the lower extremity arterial examination.The vascular morphology,plaque,IMT index and vascular stenosis were compared in the two groups.Results:The IMT indexes of carotid artery and lower extremity artery in the dia-betic group were significantly higher than in the control group;the positive rate of plaque and stenosis was significantly higher than that of the control group,the difference was significant statistically significant (P <0.05).By comparison of the properties of arteriosclero-sis,it can be found that the types of lower extremity arteriosclerosis in diabetes group were multi segment and diffuse type.The vascular stenosis and occlusion occurred in the anterior and posterior tibial artery and the foot dorsal artery.The type of lower extremity athero-sclerosis in the control group was single hair and focal type.Conclusion:The ultrasound examination can be accurately detected diabetic patients with cervical and lower extremity arterial plaque,stenosis and occlusion,etc.And by the measurement of related parameters,the occurrence of arterial lesions can be accurately diagnosed,it has clinical application and popularization value.