Preparation of arsenic trioxide-loaded albuminutes immuno-nanospheres and its specific killing effect on bladder cancer cell in vitro

Background Recently, arsenic trioxide (As 2O 3) was considered as a novel anti tumor agent However, it showed severe toxicity effect on normal tissue at the same time To improve its therapeutic efficacy and decrease its toxicity,we prepared arsenic trioxide loaded albuminutes immuno nanospheres As 2O 3 (HAS NS) BDI 1] targeted with nonoclonal antibody (McAb) BDI 1 and tested its specific killing effect against bladder cancer cell Methods As 2O 3 HAS NS was prepared by chemical cross linking method Monoclonal antibody BDI 1 was purified with ammonium sulphate saltingout and chromatography Albuminutes microspheres were conjugated with McAb by SPDP cross linking method Concentration of As in As 2O 3 (HAS NS) BDI 1 and As 2O 3 HAS NS was measured by atomic fluometry method As 2O 3 (HAS NS) BDI 1 and its activity were detected by SDS PAGE reduction electrophoresis, indirect immunofluorescence test, light microscope and scanning electron microscope observation Acridine orange staining and tritiated thymidine ( 3H TdR) incorporation tests were used to indicate specific killing activity of As 2O 3 (HAS NS) BDI 1 in vitro Results In As 2O 3 (HAS NS) BDI 1 groups, we saw two protein bands in SDS PAGE reduction electrophoresis Albuminutes immuno nanospheres were rounded with clear green fluorescence by immunofluorescence test Under microscope, we observed that BIU 87 cells were covered with the As 2O 3 (HAS NS) BDI 1 and that As 2O 3 (HAS NS) BDI 1 moved with the BIU 87 cells The albuminutes immuno nanospheres were tightly junctioned with the BIU 87 cells Specific killing activity of As 2O 3 (HAS NS) BDI 1 on bladder tumor cells was observed by acridine orange staining and 3H TdR incorporation assays Conclusions As 2O 3 (HAS NS) BDI 1 might bind specifically against BIU 87 cells, thus leading to high activity of killing bladder tumor cells