Microinflammation is involved in the dysfunction of arteriovenous fistula in patients with maintenance hemodialysis

Background Vascular access （VA） dysfunction is a major clinical complication in the hemodialysis population and has a direct effect on dialysis outcome. This study was conducted to explore the role of microinflammation in the VA dysfunction in maintenance hemodialysis patients.
Methods Forty-seven patients （male 35 and female 12） receiving maintenance hemodialysis were included for this study. They were divided into three groups： group 1 （n=15）, patients with initial hemodialysis and new arteriovenous fistula （AVF）; group 2 （n=18）, patients treated with hemodialysis for long term with well-functional VA; group 3 （n=14）, maintenance hemodialysis patients with VA dysfunction. Biochemical parameters and serum tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin 6 （IL-6） and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1） were determined. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP） was determined by latex-enhanced immuno-nephelometric method. Tissues of radial artery were taken from group 1 and group 3 for the histological study. Expression of CD68 and MCP-1 in the radial artery was determined by immunohistochemistry.
Results Serum hs-CRP in group 3 was significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 2 （（7.40±2.42） mg/L vs （4.21±1.62） mg/L and （5.04±3.65） mg/L, P 〈0.01 and P 〈0.05, respectively）. Serum TNF-α in group 3 was significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 2 （（64.03±9.29） pg/ml vs （54.69±12.39） pg/ml and （54.05±7.68） pg/ml, P 〈0.05 and P 〈0.01, respectively）. Serum IL-6 in group 3 was also significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 2 （（70.09±14.53） pg/ml vs （56.43±10.11） pg/ml and （60.77±9.70） pg/ml, P 〈0.01 and P 〈0.05, respectively）. Patients in group 3 had a thicker internal layer of vessels than in group 1 （（0.356±0.056） mm vs （0.111±0.021） mm, P 〈0.01）. Expression of CD68 and MCP-1 in the fistula vessel walls in group 3 were much higher than those in group 1

Microinflammation is involved in the dysfunction of arteriovenous fistula in patients with maintenance hemodialysis

Background Vascular access (VA) dysfunction is a major clinical complication in the hemodialysis population and has a direct effect on dialysis outcome.This study was conducted to explore the role of microinflammation in the VA dysfunction in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods Forty-seven patients (male 35 and female 12) receiving maintenance hemodialysis were included for this study.They were divided into three groups:group 1 (n=15),patients with initial hemodialysis and new arteriovenous fistula (AVF);group 2 (n=18),patients treated with hemodialysis for long term with well-functional VA;group 3 (n=14),maintenance hemodialysis patients with VA dysfunction.Biochemical parameters and serum tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a),interleukin 6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were determined.High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was determined by latex-enhanced immuno-nephelometric method.Tissues of radial artery were taken from group 1 and group 3 for the histological study.Expression of CD68 and MCP-1 in the radial artery was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results Serum hs-CRP in group 3 was significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 2 ((7.40±2.42) mg/L vs (4.21±1.62) mg/L and (5.04±3.65) mg/L,P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).Serum TNF-a in group 3 was significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 2 ((64.03±9.29) pg/ml vs (54.69±12.39) pg/ml and (54.05±7.68) pg/ml,P<0.05 and P<0.01,respectively).Serum IL-6 in group 3 was also significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 2 ((70.09±14.53) pg/ml vs (56.43±10.11) pg/ml and (60.77±9.70) pg/ml,P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).Patients in group 3 had a thicker internal layer of vessels than in group 1 ((0.356±0.056) mm vs (0.111±0.021) mm,P<0.01).Expression of CD68 and MCP-1 in the fistula vessel walls in group 3 were much higher than those in group 1 (P<0.01).Moreover,serum hs-CRP level was positively correlated with the neointimal hyperplasia,the expression of CD68 andMCP-1 in fistula vessel (P<0.01,respectively).Conclusion Microinflammaton might be involved in the dysfunction of AVF in patients with maintenance hemodialysis.