基于目标群体指数和对应分析的孕产妇母婴保健信息需要研究

背景　母婴保健工作日渐受到人们的重视，孕产妇健康信息需求是母婴保健工作的重要组成部分，了解和掌握孕产妇健康信息需求情况对改善妇幼健康与安全有重要的意义。目的　了解太原市孕产妇母婴保健信息需要，以及信息与获取途径的对应关系，为有效开展母婴健康教育提供参考。方法　采用自行设计的问卷，对2016年11月-2017年8月在太原市1所省级妇幼保健院、1所民营医院及1所乡镇卫生院的门诊就诊的1 100例孕产妇的母婴保健信息需要进行调查。采用目标群体指数（TGI）和对应分析对数据进行分析。收回有效问卷1 048份，有效回收率为95.27%。结果　孕产妇对产前检查（70.90%，743/1 048）、孕期营养（68.42%，717/1 048）、新生儿保健（52.29%，548/1 048）信息的需求较多，对生育保险（23.85%，250/1 048）、分娩镇痛（28.53%，299/1 048）的需求较少；孕产妇获取孕产期心理保健（31.77%，333/1 048）、分娩镇痛（25.19%，264/1 048）、孕期常见身体不适的缓解（24.90%，261/1 048）、生育保险（24.24%，254/1 048）等方面的信息时较困难。不同年龄（χ2=18.331，P=0.787）、学历（χ2=20.139，P=0.065）的孕产妇对母婴保健信息内容的需求比较，差异无统计学意义，但对各类信息需求的TGI有所不同。不同居住地（χ2=23.288，P=0.025）、孕产期（χ2=56.181，P=0.017）的孕产妇对各类信息内容的需求比较，差异有统计学意义。结论　不同特征孕产妇对各类母婴保健信息需求的TGI不同，获取不同类别的母婴保健信息偏好不同的获取途径。为此，健康教育应主动回应孕产妇对母婴保健信息的需求，针对不同孕产妇设计不同的信息内容、采取其偏好的传播途径，实施精准传播。

Maternal-infant Health Information Needs among Pregnant and Postpartum Women:a Correspondence Analysis of the Target Group Index Data

Background As an important part of maternal and child health care receivin g increased attention,understanding and mastering maternal health information needs si of great significance for improving maternal and child heal tahnd safety.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate maternal-infant health information needs,and the association of health information with acquiring methods in pregnant and postpartum owmen in Taiyuan,providing a reference for effective delivery of maternal-infant health education.Methods A survey was conducted with 1100 pregnant and postpartum wome nwho sought outpatient care in a provincial maternal and child health hosptial,a private hospital and a township hospital in Taiyuan fro m November 2016 to August 2017 using a self-made questionnaire.Aanlysis of maternal-infant health information needs by targe group inde(x TGI)and correspondence analysis.104(895.27%)of the participants responded effectively.Results Among the respondents,the data about prenatal car(e 70.90%,743/1048),nutrition during pregnanc(y 68.42%,717/1048)and neonatal car(e 52.29%,548/1048)were the most needed,and information concerning maternity insuranc(e 23.85%,250/1048)and labor analgesi(a 28.53%,299/1048)was least needed.It is more difficult for them to get matern aplsychological health care(31.77%,333/1048),labor analgesia(25.19%,264/1048),common physical discomforts during pregnancy(24.90%,261/1048)and maternity insurance(24.24%,254/1048)information.Age(χ^2=18.331,P=0.787)and education level(χ^2=20.139,P=0.065)were not associated with the differences in needs of maternal-infant health information content in the respondents.However,the respondents had different TGI requirements for various typse of information.Place of residence(χ^2=23.288,P=0.025)and gestational period(χ^2=56.181,P=0.017)were associated with the differences in needs of various types of information content.Conclusion The TGI of various maternal-infant health information needs wa sdifferent in pregnant and postpartum women with different characteristics.Adn these women also had different preferences when acquirin g maternal-infant health information.Hence,maternal-infant health education should be delivered in accordnace with the needs of pregnant and postpartum women,namely,it is should be precisely delivered to them according to theinre eded contents via their preferred ways.