大一新生生命意义感在其家庭功能与自杀风险之间的中介效应

目的　探讨大一新生生命意义感在其家庭功能与自杀风险之间的中介效应，为进一步预防大学生自杀提供依据。方法　2015年11月，选取南方医科大学全日制本科2015级2 900例大一全体新生为研究对象进行问卷调查。调查问卷包括人口学资料、自杀行为问卷-修订版（SBQ-R）、家庭关怀度指数问卷（APGAR）、生命意义量表（MLM）。分析大一新生生命意义感在其家庭功能与自杀风险之间的中介效应。结果　共发放调查问卷2 900份，回收有效问卷2 787份，有效回收率为96.1%。2 787例大学生中男979例（35.1%），女1 808例（64.9%）；平均年龄（18.4±0.8）岁。大学生SBQ-R、APGAR、MLM得分分别为（4.2±1.5）、（7.8±2.3）、（129.9±17.5）分；大学生APGAR、MLM得分与SBQ-R得分呈负相关（P<0.05）；大学生MLM得分与APGAR得分呈正相关（P<0.05）。APGAR对自杀风险的直接效应显著（β=-0.176，P<0.001），中介变量MLM得分对自杀风险的负向预测作用显著（β=-0.270，P<0.001），说明生命意义感在家庭功能和自杀风险之间存在部分中介效应，效应值为0.12，中介效应占总效应的比例为41%。结论　生命意义感在大学生家庭功能与自杀风险之间起部分中介作用。

Mediating Effect of Life Meaning between Family Functioning and Suicide Risk in Freshmen

Objective　To explore the mediating effects of life meaning between family functioning and suicide risk in freshmen，providing a reference for the delivery of suicide prevention interventions for this population.Methods　In November 2015，all the 2015 admitted full-time undergraduate students（2 900 cases） from Southern Medical University were recruited in this survey using self-developed Demographic Questionnaire，Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised（SBQ-R），Family APGAR（APGAR） and Meaningful Life Measure（MLM）.The mediating effects of life meaning between family functioning and suicide risk in them were analyzed.Results　A total of 2 787 cases〔including 979 males（35.1%） and 1 808（64.9%） females with a mean age of（18.4±0.8） years〕 returned responsive questionnaires，with a response rate of 96.1%.The mean score for SBQ-R，APGAR and MLM achieved by the respondents was（4.2±1.5），（7.8±2.3），（129.9±17.5），respectively.Both APGAR and MLM scores had significant negative correlation with SBQ-R score（P<0.05）.And there was a significant positive correlation between MLM and APGAR scores（P<0.05）.The suicide risk was influenced directly and significantly by the APGAR score（β=-0.176，P<0.001），and it decreased obviously with the increase of the importance of mediation variable of MLM score（β=-0.270，P<0.001），which indicated that the partial mediating effect of life meaning on the relationship between family functioning and suicide risk was significant，with an effect size of 0.12（accounting for 41% of the total effect）.Conclusion　The life meaning partially mediated the relationship between family functioning and suicide risk in college students.