农村居民家庭自备药物及存储现状的调查研究

目的了解中国农村居民家庭常用药品与药械配备及放置情况,为保证家庭自备的药物药械发挥有效的作用及促进家庭合理用药提供参考。方法采用单纯随机抽样与整群抽样相结合的方法,对中国9个省451户农村居民的家庭常用药品与药械配备及放置情况进行调查与分析。结果调查的中国农村居民家庭常用药物的配备率依次为:感冒药(72.9%)、创可贴(48.3%)、清凉油(37.0%)、风油精(32.8%)、高血压用药(24.4%)、碘酊(14.0%)、糖尿病用药(7.1%),其余药品为20.8%。家庭常用药械的配备率依次为:体温计(53.0%)、棉签(48.1%)、血压计(8.2%)、注射器(3.8%),其余药械为6.6%。家庭常用药品及药械主要存放在固定抽屉的达60.8%;只有4.7%的家庭拥有特定的放置药品与药械的便携式药包。结论农村居民家庭药品配备率较高,且多数为非处方药;家庭医用器械配备率不高,家庭便携式药包配备率极低,药品与药械存放的随意性较大,可能成为不合理用药的隐患。加强农民家庭自备药物的教育与管理,提高便携式药包配备率,对改善不合理用药具有重要意义。

Status and Thinking on Household Drugs and Their Storage by Rural Families

Objective To understand the situation of commonly used drugs,medical device and their storages by rural families in China,so as to provide the basis for ensuring an effective role of household drugs and medical device and promoting rational application of drugs use. Methods The combination of simple random sampling and cluster sampling was used to investigate and analyze the situation of commonly used drugs,medical device and their storages of 451 rural families from 9 provinces in China. Results The storage rates of commonly used drugs of rural families in China were 72.9% for cold medicine,48.3% for wound paste,37.0% for cooling ointment,32.8% for wind spirits,24.4% for antihypertensive,14.0% for iodine tincture,7.1% for anti-diabetic drugs,and 20.8% for other drugs.The storage rates of commonly used medical devices werer 53.0% for thermometer,48.1% for cotton swab,8.2% for sphygmomanometer,3.8% for injector,and 6.6% for other devices.Some 60.8% of the families stored drugs and medical devices in the fixed drawer,and only 4.7% in the special portable medical kit. Conclusion Rural families have a higher rate of household drugs,and most of them are over the counter drugs.The storage rate of medical devices was not high.Only few rural families have the portable medicine kit.A lot of rural families store drugs and medical devices randomly,which may be the risk for irrational use of drugs.To enhance the education and management of rural household drugs and improve the preparation rate of household medicine kit is of great significance to improve rational drug use.