WHO和25个国家（地区）应对失智症行动计划及其对我国的启示

失智症是人口老龄化带来的重大公共卫生挑战。本文介绍了WHO"2017—2025年公共卫生领域应对失智症全球行动计划"（简称"全球行动计划"）的出台背景,并系统阐述了"全球行动计划"的7个优先行动领域,分别为：将失智症作为公共卫生重点、友好意识、控制危险因素、诊疗与护理、人员支持、建设信息系统、研究与创新。本文检索的2009年至今25个国家（地区）发布的国家（地区）层面的应对失智症行动计划,分别从预防、干预、研究、支持、实施、立法和评估等方面进行了优先行动领域的部署。目前,我国尚缺乏国家层面的失智症行动计划,结合WHO和25个国家（地区）的优先事项和具体措施,建议我国在制定失智症国家行动计划时,应充分考虑WHO成员国在高危人群早期筛查、减少危险因素、制定长期护理保险、营造友善社会氛围、建设国家监测系统等方面的成功经验。

Action Plans on Dementia from the WHO and 25 Countries (Regions) and Implications for China

Dementia is a major public health challenge associated with population aging. This paper introduces the background of the development of WHO "Global Action Plan on the Public Health Response to Dementia 2017—2025", with a focus on targets set across seven areas: dementia as a public health priority, dementia awareness and friendliness, dementia risk reduction, dementia diagnosis, treatment, care and support, support for dementia carers, information systems for dementia, and dementia research and innovation. We found 25 countries (regions) who have developed policies, strategies, plans or action frameworks on dementia since 2009, with targets involving areas of prevention, intervention, research, support, implementation, legislation and evaluation. As China still lacks a national dementia action plan, we put forward the following recommendations on the development of a China's national action plan on dementia: referring to the action priorities and specific measures for containing dementia of the WHO and 25 countries (regions) ; appropriately drawing lessons from successful experiences of WHO Member States in early screening for dementia in high-risk groups, reducing dementia risk factors, developing long-term dementia care insurance, creating a dementia friendly social environment, and building a national dementia monitoring system.