社区高血压病患者生命质量影响因素及干预研究

目的:探索高血压病患者生命质量影响因素并实施干预,评价干预效果,为制定社区高血压病防治方案提供依据.方法:以统一印制的调查表对644例原发性高血压患者实施问卷调查,调查内容包括社会人口学特征、行为、高血压病程、治疗情况等,中文版SF-36量表测定生命质量,症状计数表测定症状.以t检验、方差分析和逐步线性回归对每一种影响因素进行分析,找出主要的影响因素.对195例患者实施强化干预,以配对t检验比较干预前后生命质量评分的变化.结果:影响高血压病患者生命质量的主要因素有年龄、患者的症状、平时血压值、体育锻炼、对高血压病的态度、防治知识知晓状况、家庭总收入、有无社区医生管理,偏回归系数分别为-1.52、-6.70、29.61、29.88、30.89、6.10、13.96和28.29.经6个月个体化强化干预后,除社会功能维度分值的提高无统计学意义外,生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、活力、精神健康、情感职能等维度分值的提高均有统计学意义.结论:针对高血压病患者生命质量影响因素中的可干预因素实施干预,可提高患者的生命质量.

Intervention on influence factors of health-related quality of life in patients with hypertension

Objective:To explore the influence factors of health-related quality of life(HRQOL)in patients with hypertension and evaluate the effect of community intervention. Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out to survey 644 patients with hypertension by using the questionnaire including demographic information,behaviour,years of hypertension,treatment,Chinese version SF-36 short form of life quality and the symptom distress checklist. Student-t test,variance analysis and linear stepwise regression was used to analyze the influence factors. 195 patients were screened out to participate in the intensified intervention,and the paired-t test was used to test the difference between before and after intervention. Results:Multivariate regression analysis showed that age,symptom,ordinary blood pressure,physical exercise,attitude,knowledge,family income and community management were the main influencing factors with the un-standardized partial coefficients being -1.52,-6.70,29.61,29.88,30.89,6.10,13.96 and 28.29. After 6 months intensified intervention,the scores of all dimensions except social function were improved significantly. Conclusion:In view of the influence factors of life quality,taking some intensive intervention could improve the life quality in patients with hypertension.