艾滋病相关高危人群对自愿咨询检测服务可接受性的影响因素研究

目的:研究高危人群对艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)接受程度及影响因素,提出促进高危人群主动寻求VCT对策.方法:采用定量问卷和定性访谈相结合方法,对南京、南通、徐州等地区相关高危人群进行调查.结果:共调查5类高危人群1 721例,仅31.8%曾做过VCT.影响VCT可接受性的主要因素分别是低VCT知晓率和检测意识,未接受VCT者中40.2%不知道VCT,49.7%认为没必要做VCT:服务相关因素:76.8%被调查者希望到疾控机构获得VCT,提供方式以有独立咨询室和专职咨询员的接受程度最高,其次是场所集体VCT;保密性和实验室因素:分别有44.7%和43.2%的调查对象因担心医生保密性差或害怕实验室结果不准确而不愿寻求VCT.结论:亟需在高危人群中加强VCT宣传,通过改变服务方式和提高服务质量消除各种影响因素,发挥VCT在艾滋病防治中作用.

A study on factors influencing acceptability of HIV voluntary counseling and testing among HIV/AIDS related population at high risk

Objective:To determine the acceptability and influencing factors on HIV voluntary counseling and testing(VCT) among high risk population,proposing reasonable strategies on active seeking of VCT service.Methods:Quantitative questionnaire survey and qualitative individual interviews were conducted in the population with high risk behaviors in Nanjing,Nantong,Xuzhou city,and so on.Results:Total number of 1 721 objects covering five different high risk groups were recruited,only 31.8% of which had ever received VCT service.The main factors influencing VCT acceptability were as follows:low knowledge of VCT and low awareness on HIV testing.Among subjects never seeking VCT,40.2% people had never heard of VCT,and 49.7% thought it was unnecessary to access;Factors related to VCT services,76.8% reported preferred that the place for VCT was Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.87.1% subjects hoped to obtain free AIDS counseling and testing delivered by a counselor in a separate room.The alternative way was free collective VCT in the entertainment establishments provided by team workers.Confidentiality and laboratory factors;about 44.7% and 43.2% of subjects were reluctant to seek VCT for being afraid of the poor confidentiality in the clinic or inaccurate laboratory test,respectively.Conclusion:Widely education programs on promoting VCT and demand were needed.High standard VCT service delivery and measures improvement can allure more people seeking VCT and make VCT service functional.