以同伴互助教学(PAL)为基础的静脉穿刺培训方法探讨

目的探讨以同伴互助教学(peer-assisted learning,PAL)为基础的静脉穿刺培训方法的具体应用效果。方法将2016年5月至2018年1月在神经内科病房实习的120名新入科护士随机分为PAL组和对照组PAL组将同伴互助教学应用于静脉穿刺培训教学,对照组采用传统静脉穿刺培训方式。一个月后进行实际操作实践能力考核,包括静脉穿刺能力、沟通能力、人文关怀能力及患者的满意度调查,并开展对教学方法和教学效果评价的问卷调查。采用SPSS20.0软件进行卡方检验和t检验。结果PAL组和对照组静脉穿刺能力得分分别为(64.9±3.7)和(62.8±4.7);沟通能力得分分别为(8.6±1.3)和(8.0±1.4);人文关怀能力得分分别为(8.8±1.2)和(8.2±1.1);患者满意度得分分别为(8.8±1.2)和(8.3±1.2),差异均具有统计学意义。问卷调查显示,新入科护士对PAL培训方法更加满意,其学习效率、学习积极性及解决问题的能力好于对照组(P<0.05).结论PAL教学可作为新入科护士静脉穿刺培训的重要教学方法,能提高新入科护士的综合实践操作能力,有助于提高培训效率,提高培训质量。

Application of peer-assisted learning mode in the training of venipuncture

Objective To investigate the application effect of the method based on peer-assisted learning (PAL) in venipuncture training. Methods A total of 120 new nurses who worked in Department of Neurology from May 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled and randomly divided into PAL group and control group. The nurses in the PAL group received venipuncture training with the PAL teaching mode, and those in the control group received venipuncture training with the conventional method. Practical operation ability was assessed after one month of training, including the ability to perform venipuncture, communication ability, humanistic care ability, and patient' s degree of satisfaction, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate teaching methods and teaching effect. SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results There were significant differences between the PAL group and the control group in the scores of the ability to perform venipuncture (64.9 ± 3.7 vs 62.8 ± 4.7), communication ability (8.6 ± 1.3 vs 8.0 ± 1.4), humanistic care ability (8.8 ± 1.2 vs 8.2 ± 1.1),and patient’s degree of satisfaction (8.8 ± 1.2 vs 8.3 ± 1.2). The questionnaire survey showed that the new nurses were more satisfied with the PAL training method, and the PAL group had significantly better learning efficiency, learning enthusiasm, and problemsolving ability than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The PAL teaching method can improve the practical operation ability of new nurses and help to improve training efficiency and quality, and therefore, it can be used as an important teaching method for venipuncture training for new nurses.