阈上和阈下情绪Stroop效应的对比研究

目的 比较阈上和阈下情绪的Stroop效应.方法 通过网上发帖的形式招募52名在校大学生,分别使用阈上(30名被试)和阈下(20名被试)呈现的方法,比较了不同情绪条件下,个体对图片的颜色判别任务的反应时和正确率.结果 ①在阈上呈现条件下,被试在不同图片内容条件下的反应时有显著差异(F(4,116)=3.63,P=0.008),高唤醒正性(781±60)ms]和负性(787±63) ms]条件下的反应时都比中性(733±62) ms]条件下长；②在阈上条件下,唤醒度在反应时上的主效应显著,(F(1,29)=5.14,P=0.031),高唤醒(784±59) ms]图片条件下的反应时大于低唤醒(761±55) ms]图片下的反应时；③在阈下呈现条件下,被试在不同图片内容条件下的反应时有显著差异(F(4,84)=2.50,P=0.049),低唤醒正性 (661±52) ms]和负性(667±56) ms]条件下的反应时都比中性(633±49) ms]条件下长；④在阈下呈现条件下,唤醒度在反应时上的主效应显著(F(1,21)=9.97,P=0.005),低唤醒(664±51) ms]条件下的反应时大于高唤醒 (638±50) ms]下的反应时.结论 阈上和阈下情绪Stroop效应可能反映了不同的心理机制.

A comparative study between supraliminal and subliminal emotional Stroop effects

Objective To investigate and compare mechanisms underlying supraliminal and subliminal emotional Stroop effects.Methods 52 college students were recruited to distinguish the color of each emotional picture,which was either supraliminal (30 students) or subliminally (22 students) presented to the students; and their reaction time(RTs) and accuracy(ACC) in each condition were assessed.Results ①In supraliminal task,the main effect of emotion on RT was significant(F(4.116) =3.63,P=0.008),such that RT in high arousing positive ( ( 781 ± 60 ) ms ) and negative ( ( 787 ± 63 ) ms ) conditions were larger than those in neutral ( ( 733 ± 62 ) ms)condition; ②In supraliminal task,the main effect of arousal on RT was significant(F(1,29) =5.14,P=0.031 ),such that RT in high arousing( (784 ± 59 ) ms) conditions were larger than those in low arousing( (761 ± 55 ) ms)conditions; ③In subliminal task,the main effect of emotion on RT was significant (F(4,84) =2.50,P =0.049 ),such that RT in high arousing positive ( ( 661 ± 52 ) ms) and negative ( ( 667 ± 56) ms) conditions were larger than those in neutral ( (633 ± 49 ) ms) condition.④ In subliminal task,the main effect of arousal on RT was significant (F(1,21) =9.97,P=0.005),such that RT in low arousing( (664 ±51 ) ms) conditions were larger than those in high arousing( (638 ± 50)ms) conditions.Conclusion Supraliminal and subliminal emotional Stroop effects may be involved in different mechanisms.