心理弹性训练对水面舰艇军人作业疲劳心理应激和心理健康的影响

目的 研究心理弹性训练对水面舰艇军人作业疲劳、心理应激和心理健康的影响.方法 选取与团体辅导目标基本一致的舰艇部队军人100名,随机分成训练组(45人)和对照组(55人),训练组按抽签法分成2组(分别为22人和23人).训练组完成全部(为期10周次)团体训练者为39名(脱落6人),脱离率l3％；对照组为50名(脱落5人),脱离率10％.两组被试在训练前后分别采用成人心理弹性量表(RSA)、作业疲劳症状自评量表(WRFFQ)、心理应激自评问卷(PSET)和心理卫生症状自评量表(SCL90)进行心理评估.根据心理弹性理论及构成要素设计10次团体训练的内容,每周1次、每次2h,训练成员的自我意识、情绪管理、人际沟通、问题解决和社会支持等能力.训练前训练组与对照组在年龄、军龄、职务和文化程度,RSA总均分、WRFFQ总分、PSET标准分数和SCL-90总均分方面均差异无统计学意义(P ＞0.05).结果 ①与前测结果相比,训练组(n=39)后测RSA(2.90 ±0.47)得分显著提高,后测WRFFQ (33.62±11.24)分]、PSET(47.80±9.09)分]和SCL-90( 1.14±0.09)分]得分显著降低(P＜0.05)；对照组(n=50)后测RSA(2.56±0.57)分]、WRFFQ(42.38±17.76)分]、PSET( 53.70±13.25)分]和SCL-90( 1.43 ±0.45)分]得分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；②与对照组后测结果相比,训练组后测RSA 得分显著提高,后测WRFFQ、PSET和SCL-90得分显著降低(P＜0.05).结论 心理弹性训练能有效提升水面舰艇军人的心理弹性,降低艇员自觉疲劳症状,提高其抗应激能力和心理健康水平.

Effects of resilience training on the warship soldiers' work fatigue, psychological stress and mental health

Objective To study the effects of resilience training on work fatigue,psychological stress and mental health in warship soldiers.Methods 100 warship soldiers were selected and divided randomly into training-group (n=45) and control group (n=55),and the training group was divided into two groups by casting lots ( n t =22,n 2 =23 ).The shedding rate of the training group was 13％ (6 out of 45 ),while the control group was 10％ (5 out of 50).All of them were tested by the Resilience Scale for Adults ( RSA),Newly Developed Questionnaire for Work Related Fatigue Feelings (WRFFQ),Psychological Stress Self-evaluation Test (PSET) and Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) before and after training.According to resilience theory and its elements to design the group-training,10 times resilience training was arranged 2 hours once per week for the training group.The aim was to train members' self-awareness,emotion management,interpersonal communication,problem solving and social support and other capabilities.Before training there were no significant differences between the training-group and control-group in age,military service,job and education level and total average score of RSA,WRFFQ score,PSET standard scores and the SCL-90 total average score (P＞ 0.05 ).Results ①Compared with the pre-test resuits,the RSA ( 2.90 + 0.47) scores of training-group ( n =39) significantly increased after training,but the scores of WRFFQ(33.62 ± 11.24),PSET(47.80 ±9.09) and 5CL-90( 1.14 ±0.09) significantly reduced (P＜0.05) ;For control group ( n =50),no significant differences were found in scores of RSA (2.56 + 0.57 ),WRFFQ (42.38± 17.76),PSET( 53.70 ± 13.25) and SCL-90( 1.43 ± 0.45 ) (P＞0.05 ) ; ②Compared to the control group,posttest scores of RSA significantly increased,but the scores of WRFFQ,PSET and SCL-90 significantly decreased for the training-group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Resilience training can effectively improve warship soldiers' resilience,increase their anti-stress ability and mental health level and reduce fatigue symptoms.