水面舰艇军人心理弹性、自我意识、性格与应激水平、心理健康的相关研究

目的 探讨水面舰艇军人心理弹性、自我意识、性格与应激水平、心理健康的关系.方法 采用成人心理弹性量表(RSA)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、自我接纳问卷(SAQ)、一般自我效能感量表((SES)、Wallance自我概念量表(WSCS)、心理应激自评问卷(PSET)和症状自评量表(SCL-90),对1451名水面舰艇军人进行整群抽样调查.结果 ①水面舰艇军人有明显心理应激反应的占2.5%,心理健康状况较中国常模差,除强迫和人际敏感因子外,其他因子分数均显著高于中国军人常模(P＜0.01);②SCL-90总分及心理应激与心理弹性、内外向和自我意识显著负相关,与神经质显著正相关.SCL-90阳性军人(SCL-90总分＞160分)在神经质和PSET的得分显著高于阴性组,在RSA、内外向和自我意识的得分显著低于阴性组(P＜0.01);③回归分析结果显示:应激水平、情绪稳定性、自我意识和心理弹性能较好预测军人应激时的心理健康水平,而心理健康水平、情绪稳定性、内外向和心理弹性能较好预测个体的应激水平,解释率分别为35.1%和33.2%.结论 水面舰艇军人存在一定程度的心理应激和心理健康问题,心理弹性、性格、自我意识是影响心理应激和心理健康的重要因素.

Abstract：

Objective To study the relationships among resilience, self-awareness, personality, stress level and mental health in the warship soldiers. Methods Resilience Scale for Adults ( RSA), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ( EPQ), Self Acceptance Questionnaire( SAQ), General Self-Efficacy Scale( GSES), Wallance Self Concept Scale (WSCS), Psychological Stress Self-evaluation Test (PSET) and Symptom Checklist (SCL-90)were used to survey 1451 warship soldiers. Results ① 2.5％ of the warship soldiers reported obvious psychological stress. Mental health of warship soldiers was worse than the norm of China population, except for obsessivecompulsive and interpersonal sensitivity factor. While the scores of other factors were significantly higher than the norm of Chinese soldiers(P＜0.01). ②The total scores of SCL-90, psychological stress and resilience, internal/external had negative correlation with self-awareness, and positive correlation with neuroticism. Compared to the SCL-90-negative group,SCL-90-positive soldiers (SCL-90 total score ＞ 160) had higher scores of nervousness and PSET and lower scores of RSA, internal/external and self-awareness (P ＜ 0.01 ). ③Regression analysis showed that stress levels, emotional stability,self-awareness and resilience were able to predict 35.1％ of mental health in warship soldiers. Mental health, emotional stability, internal/external and resilience were able to predict 33.2％of individual's stress level. Conclusion To some extent, warship soldiers have psychological stress and mental health problems. Resilience, personality, self-awareness are important factors affecting psychological stress and mental health.

Research on resilience, self-awareness, personality, stress levels and mental health of warship soldiers

Objective To study the relationships among resilience, self-awareness, personality, stress level and mental health in the warship soldiers. Methods Resilience Scale for Adults ( RSA), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ( EPQ), Self Acceptance Questionnaire( SAQ), General Self-Efficacy Scale( GSES), Wallance Self Concept Scale (WSCS), Psychological Stress Self-evaluation Test (PSET) and Symptom Checklist (SCL-90)were used to survey 1451 warship soldiers. Results ① 2.5％ of the warship soldiers reported obvious psychological stress. Mental health of warship soldiers was worse than the norm of China population, except for obsessivecompulsive and interpersonal sensitivity factor. While the scores of other factors were significantly higher than the norm of Chinese soldiers(P＜0.01). ②The total scores of SCL-90, psychological stress and resilience, internal/external had negative correlation with self-awareness, and positive correlation with neuroticism. Compared to the SCL-90-negative group,SCL-90-positive soldiers (SCL-90 total score ＞ 160) had higher scores of nervousness and PSET and lower scores of RSA, internal/external and self-awareness (P ＜ 0.01 ). ③Regression analysis showed that stress levels, emotional stability,self-awareness and resilience were able to predict 35.1％ of mental health in warship soldiers. Mental health, emotional stability, internal/external and resilience were able to predict 33.2％of individual's stress level. Conclusion To some extent, warship soldiers have psychological stress and mental health problems. Resilience, personality, self-awareness are important factors affecting psychological stress and mental health.