共同心理干预对老年慢性病患者及其照顾者抑郁焦虑情绪和生活质量的影响

目的 探讨共同心理干预对老年慢性病患者及其照顾者抑郁焦虑情绪及其生活质量的影响。 方法 采用随机抽样的方法,使用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表24项版本(HAMD-24)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、健康调查简表(SF-36),在2014年10-12月期间,在上海市嘉定区南翔镇进行入户调查,选取存在抑郁焦虑情绪的老年慢性病患者及其照顾者各50例。对患者及其照顾者共同进行心理干预,随访2年,采用重复测量方差分析,评价二者抑郁焦虑情绪及其生活质量的变化。 结果 ①多数患者患有1种以上疾病,且92%的照顾者为患者的配偶或子女;②老年慢性病患者及其照顾者的SDS、SAS、HAMD-24、HAMA量表干预前、第1年、第2年的分值均呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);③老年慢性病患者及其照顾者SF-36量表的8个维度干预前、第1年、第2年的分值呈逐年升高趋势,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。 结论 多种慢性病共存情况较严重,家属成为患者主要照顾者。对老年慢性病患者及其照顾者同时进行心理干预是必要的,不仅能减轻老年慢性病患者的抑郁焦虑情绪,同时也能减轻照顾者的抑郁焦虑情绪,改善二者生活质量。 

The influence of the common psychological intervention in depression anxiety on elderly patients with chronic diseases and their caregivers

Objective To explore the influence of the common psychological intervention in depression anxiety on elderly patients with chronic diseases and their caregivers. Methods The method of random sampling was adopted, the anxiety depression self rating scale (SDS), self rating scale (SAS), Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-24) 24 version, Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and the MOS item short from health survey (SF-36) were used. From October to December, 2014, a household survey was carried out about 50 elderly patients with chronic diseases suffering from depression anxiety and their caregivers in Shanghai Nanxiang Town, Jiading District. The patients and their caregivers have been involved in psychological intervention for 2 years and the variance analysis has been used to evaluate the changes of depression anxiety and their quality of life. Results ① Most of the patients have more than one disease, and 92% of the caregivers are spouses or children of the patients; ② For elderly patients with chronic diseases and their caregivers, SAS, SDS, HAMD-24, HAMA scale score, 1 or 2 years before intervention are declining year by year, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01). ③ For elderly patients with chronic diseases and their caregivers, SF-36 scale of eight dimensions, 1 or 2 years before intervention are increasing year by year, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion It shows that the coexistence of multiple chronic diseases is serious, and the family members become the main caregivers of patients. For elderly patients with chronic diseases and their caregivers, psychological intervention is necessary, which can not only alleviate anxiety depression of elderly patients with chronic diseases, but also can alleviate that of caregivers to improve the quality of life.