头颈部肿瘤放疗患者自我感受负担现状及影响因素分析

目的了解头颈部肿瘤放疗患者自我感受负担现状,并分析其影响因素,为减轻患者心理压力,提高患者生存质量提供科学依据。方法选择2016年10月—2017年8月在鄞州人民医院放疗科接受治疗的患者108例。应用自我感受负担量表及自行设计一般量表对研究对象进行调查,采用单因素和多因素分析来确定头颈部肿瘤放疗患者自我感受负担的影响因素。对科研小组成员进行统一培训,确保调查的严谨性、科学性。结果头颈部肿瘤放疗患者中、重度自我感受负担者达61人,占56. 5%,自我感受负担总均分为(33. 35±6. 34)分,处于中度水平,其中位于前3位的分别是担心照顾者花很多钱,担心因照顾我而影响照顾者的健康,担心照顾者因为照顾我负担过重。单因素和多元线性回归分析结果显示,患者性别、婚姻、性格、学历、放疗次数、放疗反应、是否同步化疗为头颈部肿瘤放疗患者自我感受负担的影响因素(均P <0. 05)。结论头颈部肿瘤放疗患者自我感受负担处于中度水平,其中性别、婚姻、性格、学历、放疗次数、放疗反应、是否同步化疗是其主要影响因素,医护人员应关注放疗患者的自我感受负担,根据患者具体情况采取针对性护理干预,降低患者自我感受负担,提高其生存质量。

Study on the status of self-perceived burden and its influencing factors in patients with head and neck tumor for radiotherapy

Objective To describe the status of self-perceived burden and analyze its influencing factors among the patients with head and neck tumor for radiotherapy, providing for a scientific basis to alleviate the psychological pressure and improve patients' quality of life. Methods From October 2016 to August 2017, a total of 108 hospitalized patients with head and neck tumor for radiotherapy were investigated by the Self-Perceived Burden Scale and the self-designed general scale, and analyzed by using univariate and multivariate to determine the influencing factors of patients with head and neck tumor for radiotherapy. To ensure the survey is rigorous and scientific, we took uniform training. Results The total score of the SPB was (33.35 ±6.34) points, 56.5% of patients were at a moderate level. Among them, the top three were worried that caregivers spend a lot of money worrying about the caregiver's health due to taking care of me, and worrying that the caregivers were overburdened by taking care of me. Univariate and multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, marriage, personality, education level, the number of radiotherapy, radiotherapy response, and concurrent with chemotherapy were the factors influencing factors of SPB (P < 0.05). Conclusion The SPB of head and neck cancer patients with radiotherapy is at a moderate level. To reduce the burden of patients with self-perception and improve their quality of life, we should focus on the SPB of patients with radiation therapy, according to the patient's gender, marriage, personality, education level, radiotherapy and other related factors to take targeted care intervention.