高血压患者的颈动脉血流动力学的超声研究

目的：应用超声方法研究高血压患者的颈总动脉（Communis Carotis Artery,CCA)和颈内动脉（Internal Carotis Artery,ICA)的血流动力学变化，评价脉压（PP），左室重量指数（LVMI），血管的阻力指数（RI），切率（SR）之间的相互关系。方法：选高血压患者68例，CDFI检查每例双侧颈总动脉和颈内动脉的内径（D），内膜中层厚度（IMT）和收缩期血流最大峰值流速（PSV）及RI，测算血管的SR和斑块指数，用自身PP，LVMI与RI，SR作相关线性分析，并与28例同期对照组比较。结果：高血压患者的LVMI增大，颈总动脉和颈内动脉内径增宽，IMT增厚，斑块的发生率，斑块指数，RI增高，SR降低，与对照组比较有显著意义（P＜0．01），其中PP，LVMI，RI，SR呈线性相关。结论：劲动脉作为观察高血压对心血管系统损伤和血流动力学变化的重要窗口。

An Ultrasound Study on Carotid Artery Hemodynamics in Hypertensive Patients

Objective: To evaluate the correlation among pulse pressure (PP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), resistive index (RI) and shear rate (SR), using ultrasonic method to study the hemodynamic changes of communis carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) of patients with hypertension. Methods: 68 patients with hypertension were selectively admitted into our hospital according to the 1999 WHO/ISH hypertension treatment classification standard, whose cardial internal diameter (D), intima media thickness (IMT), peak systole velocity(PSV) and resistance index (RI) were examined with CDFI to measure the blood vessel's shear rate(SR) and plaques index. They were also compared with the corresponding control group of 28 cases simultaneously. Results: The increased LVMI, the widened internal diameter of CCA and ICA, the thickened IMT, the high incidence and index of plaques and RI, the lowered SR of hypertensive patients, of which the PP, LVMI, RI, SR are linearly correlative, are of noticeable significance compared with the control group ( P <0.01).Conclusion: The systole blood pressure (SBP), diastole blood pressure (DBP) and pulse pressure, together with LVMI of hypertensive patients all increased; the carotid blood vessel dilated, IMT thickened, RI increased, SR dropped and athroma plaques formed, which make the complying fall and hardness of the vessel wall more serious. As an elastic reservoir, the shallow position of the carotid artery is an important window to observe the damage hypertension made to the cardiovascular system and hemodynamic changes