孕鼠肝内胆汁淤积症的胎盘超微结构研究

目的：研究妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)胎盘超微结构改变，探讨ICP时胎儿宫内生长不良及死亡原因。方法：选择孕15dSD大鼠，用苯甲酸雌二醇诱导孕鼠ICP，在此基础上观察孕鼠胎盘超微结构改变。结果：ICP时胎盘超微结构改变表现为绒毛肿胀、增粗，绒毛间隙变窄，滋养层细胞增生，近胎盘母体面绒毛缺血性坏死灶增多。合体滋养细胞表面微绒毛短少，空泡状结构增多，绒毛间质内成纤维细胞增多，毛细血管内皮细胞内各类细胞器减少。结论：虽然ICP时胎盘病理改变与胎盘缺血缺氧时的改变相比无特异性，但形态学改变直接影响了胎盘的供血和供氧功能。导致了不良妊娠结局。

Studies of the Placental Ultrastructure in Rats with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy

Objective:To study the ultrastructural changes in placenta of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy(ICP) and to investigate the reasons of intrauterine growth retardation and intrauterine fetal death in ICP. Methods:Rats fifteen days pregnant were administered Estradiol benzoate to induce ICP. The ultrastructural changes of placenta of the delivered rats were observed. Results:The placentas of ICP showed the villi were swelling,the size of intervilli space was smaller, the trophocytes were hyperplastic, and the anemic infacted area of the villi near the maternal surface were increasing. The microvilli on the syncytiotrophoblast cell were shorter and smaller, the vesicles in the syncytiotrophoblast cell and the fibroblast in the interstitium of villi were increasing, some of cytoplasmic organoids in the endotheliocyte of capillary were decreasing. Conclusion:Although the pathologic changes of ICP are similar to those of placental ischemia, these alterations influenced directly the placental blood and oxygen supply function to result in bad pregnancy.