牙种植体--骨组织界面理论的演变史

种植义齿是 2 0世纪末期牙科领域内发展最快的分支学科之一 ,其萌芽于古埃及人用象牙、贝壳植入人体颌骨以替代失牙 ,而真正意义上的牙种植体起源于钛金属的应用和骨整合概念的提出。骨整合牙种植体 -骨组织结合界面理论发展经历了物理性结合、化学性结合 ,以及目前认为的生物性结合 3个阶段 ,不同阶段的理论发展指导了不同时期的种植体加工技术。尽管纤维骨性结合牙种植体缺乏临床实践的支持 ,近年来 ,随着组织工程的发展 ,这一界面又重新引起了研究者的兴趣。

The evolvement of the theory of dental implant-bone interface

Dental implantation is one of the branches in dentology, developed fastest in late 20th century. It is originated from that Egyptian replace the lost tooth with elephant tooth and shell. The dental-implant in its real sense, was originated from the application of titanium and the conception of osseous integration. Three phases including physical integration, chemical integration and the current biointegration were gone through in the past 40 years. Different technique of implant processing was guided by those theories of corresponding stages. Although fibro osseous implant was in lack of support of clinical evidence, it attracts much interests with the development of tissue engineering recently.