三聚氰胺对大鼠肾功能影响的实验研究

目的：研究三聚氰胺对SD大鼠肾功能的影响.方法：SD大鼠分别给予0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0 5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9、1.0 g/（kg·d）剂量的化学纯三聚氰胺灌胃.溶媒对照组每天灌胃1%甲基纤维素溶液5 mL/kg,无菌水对照组每天灌胃无菌水5 mL/kg.在灌胃20、30和40 d,每组各取10只大鼠（雌雄各半）剖检.结果：较高剂量的三聚氰胺（0.7、0.8、0.9、1.0 g/（kg·d）灌胃大鼠,会影响其肾功能,主要表现为BUN（BUN）及肌酐（Cr）升高,肾脏脏器系数增加,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）.体视显微镜系统下观察到肾脏肿胀,肾皮质和髓质均有黄色沉淀物.肾脏病理组织形态学观察可见肾脏病变及灶性聚集的结晶.结论：灌胃三聚氰胺,会影响大鼠的肾功能,对肾脏造成损害,这可能是形成三聚氰胺泌尿系结石的原因之一.

Effects of melamine on renal function in experimental rats

Objective：To study the effects of melamine on renal function in experimental rats. Methods：SD rats were given gastric garvage of chemically pure melamine at doses of 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0. 8,0. 9 and 1.0 g/（ kg · d）. A vehicle control group of rats were fed with 1% methyl cellulose solution daily at a dose of 5 ml/kg,and a sterile water control group with sterile water per day. At 20 d,30 d and 40 d of treatment,ten rats from each of group （ male/female = 1 ： 1 ） were anatomized and examined. Results： Higher doses of melamine （0.7,0.8,0.9 and 1.0 g/（ kg · d） was shown to affect the renal functions, as manifested by elevated urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, increased organ coefficient of the kidney, as compared with the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ,P 〈 0.01 ）. By gross anatomy, the kidneys were edematous with yellow precipitates at both cortex and medulla. Pathology of the kidney revealed focal accumulation of crystals under light microscope. Conclusion： Melamine may affect renal function of rats, which may contribute to formation of melamine-induced urinary calculi.