经皮气管切开术在ICU患者中的运用

目的:探讨经皮气管切开术(Percutaneous tracheostomy,PT)在ICU患者中的应用效果.方法:回顾性分析2006年3月至2008年10月我科开展的PT术90例,并与同期行传统气管切开术(Open tracheostomy,OT)的40例进行对照,观察两组术中一般情况及并发症情况.结果:PT组在手术时间、出血量、切口大小以及切口愈合时间方面明显优于OT组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);OT组总的并发症发生率为25%,PT组总的并发症发生率为1.11%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).PT组的皮下气肿、切口溢痰、套管脱出的发生率均明显低于OT组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:经皮气管切开术具有创伤小、并发症发生率低、手术操作简单等优点,值得临床广泛应用.

The effects of percutaneous tracheostomy to patients in ICU

Objective: To investigate the effects of percutaneous tracheostomy to patients in ICU. Methods:To analyze retrospectively the general conditions of operation and complications between 90 patients in treatment with percutaneous tracheostomy (group PT)and 40 patients in treatment with open tracheostomy (group OT) from March 2006 to October 2008.Results: The operation time,blood loss, incision size and recovery time of incision in group PT were superior to those of group OT(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications of group PT were lower than that of group OT(P<0.05 ) .The incidences of subcutaneous emphysema, phlegm flowing from incision,fall out of insertion tube were lower than thos of group OT(P<0.05).Conclusion:Percutaneous tracheostomy is a kind of micro-surgery and low incidence technique and easy to insert and very suitable for patients in ICU.