中国学生超重、肥胖流行现状与15年流行趋势

目的:分析我国不同群体学生超重、肥胖流行现状和近15年来的流行趋势变化,为制定学生肥胖防治措施提供依据.方法:1985年和2000年全国学生体质调研,对象为7～22岁学生.利用新建儿童青少年体重指数(body mass index,BMI,体重/身高2,kg/m2)标准筛查超重、肥胖,分析不同群体检出率.结果:2000年我国7～22岁城市男生、乡村男生、城市女生、乡村女生肥胖检出率分别为4.37%、1.46%、2.32%和0.92%,超重检出率分别为10.38%、4.34%、5.94%和3.67%,比1985年成倍显著上升.地区差异极其明显:部分发达大城市男女生肥胖率达9.63%和4.50%,超重率达15.29%和8.77%;多数地区处于肥胖流行早期,西部肥胖检出率很低,乡村女生基本无肥胖流行.结论:中国发达地区采取学生肥胖综合防治措施已刻不容缓.其它地区也应采取相应有针对性的防治措施.

Analyses of the epidemiological status of overweight and obesity in Chinese students and the prevalence changes in recent 15 years

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological status of overweight and obesity in various student groups and the prevalence changes in recent 15 years, in order to take effective preventive measures against obesity. METHODS: Students aged 7 through 22 years participated in the 1985 and 2000 National Surveys on Students Constitution and Health were used as subjects. The newly established BMI screening criteria for overweight and obesity, to analyze the prevalence among various populations. RESULTS: In 2000, the prevalence rates of obesity were 4.37%,1.46%,2.32% and 0.92% and that of overweight were 10.38%,4.34%,5.94% and 3.67% for the urban boys, rural boys urban girls and rural girls, respectively, which were all significantly increased in multiple times as compared with those in 1985. However, significant differences could be found among various areas. The prevalence rates of obesity in several metropolitans have reached 9.63% for males and 4.50% for females, and those of overweight have reached 15.29% for males and 8.77% for females, respectively. Most of the other areas are still staying at the early prevalence stage. The prevalence of obesity in the Western China is generally low, and actually no prevalence of obesity is found in the rural female population. CONCLUSION: It's an urgent task to act on a series of comprehensive measures to prevent and cure the obesity of youth in China's developed areas from now on. However, corresponding effective measures of obesity prevention are also needed in other areas of this country.