北京市延庆县慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行病学调查结果

目的: 了解北京市农村地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的流行病学特点和易患因素.方法: 对北京市延庆县5个自然村中40岁以上的1 624人进行入户调查.包括问诊(居住状况、生活和烹饪习惯、吸烟史、个人史、家族史和既往史等)、体检、填写流行病学调查问卷并进行肺功能检查.结果: 该地区COPD总患病率为9.11%,其中男性为15.05%,女性为3.76%.性别、年龄、吸烟史、家族史、14岁前经常咳嗽的病史、体重指数等因素在COPD组与非COPD组相比差异有统计学意义.该地区肺心病占COPD的发生率为18.24%,占40岁以上人口的1.66%.结论: COPD和肺心病在该地区患病率很高,性别、年龄、吸烟史、家族史、14岁前经常咳嗽的病史、体重指数与COPD的发生有密切的关系,而其他如室内、外环境,职业暴露等因素尚有待进一步的研究. COPD是严重危害人民健康的重大疾病,应得到重视.

Epidemiological data of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Yanqing County in Beijing

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological characteristic and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the rural area of Beijing. Methods: The data of 1 624 people aged more than 40 in 5 villages in Yanqing County in Beijing were collected. The habitation condition, life and cooking habit, smoking history, personal history and family history were asked, and their physical examinations and lung function tests were conducted. Results: The prevalence of COPD was 9.11% in this area, 15.05% in males and 3.76% in females. There were significant differences in sex, age, smoking history, family history, frequent cough before age 14 and body index between the COPD and non-COPD groups. The prevalence of corpulmonale was 1.66% in this area. Conclusion: The prevalence of COPD was high in this area and related with sex, age, smoking history, family history, frequent cough before age 14 and low body index. Other factors such as environment, working exposure need to be studied in the future. COPD is a major public health problem, which should claim more attention.