三种数字化分析算法测量咬合接触分布及面积的对比研究

目的:研究三种数字化分析算法测量石膏牙颌模型三维咬合接触分布及面积的检测效果,并与传统咬合分析方法进行比较,探究各数字化分析算法的特点和应用。方法:选取一副正常受试者的上、下颌石膏牙颌模型,使用3shape E4牙颌模型三维扫描仪进行数字化扫描得到数字模型,在三维测量分析软件Geomagic Studio 2013及Geomagic Qualify 2013中采用“三维偏差色阶图法”、“点云统计分析法”和“虚拟咬合纸法”三种数字化分析算法获得相应的三维咬合接触分布及面积,同时使用牙合记录硅橡胶法及咬合纸扫描法两种传统咬合分析方法获得咬合接触分布和面积。各方法的咬合检测阈值为100 μm,量化评价各数字化分析算法与传统咬合分析方法的检测结果。结果:上述五种方法所得的全牙列咬合接触分布的定性评价结果基本一致,三维偏差色阶图法、点云统计分析法、虚拟咬合纸法、牙合记录硅橡胶法和咬合纸扫描法所得到的总咬合接触面积分别为133.10 mm ²、142.08 mm ²、128.95 mm ²、163.31 mm ²、100.55 mm ²。三种数字化分析算法间的检测结果差异性不大,数字化方法与传统方法检测的总咬合接触面积有一定差异。结论:三种数字化分析算法均可提供较为可靠、准确的牙颌模型咬合接触分布及面积量化分析结果,可为口腔临床修复体数字化设计制作及咬合分析提供参考。

Preliminary study on three digital analysis methods for analyzing the distribution and area of occlusal contacts

Objective: To analyze the distribution and area of occlusal contacts of clinical dental model using three kinds of digital analysis methods, to compare the results of these methods and traditional occlusal analysis method, and to further analyze the characteristics of each digital analysis method. Methods: A set of plaster models of normal subjects was selected. The models were scanned by lab scanner 3shape E4 and the files were exported in a stereolithography file format. In 3D analysis software Geomagic Studio 2013 and Geomagic Qualify 2013, the corresponding results of 3D occlusal contact distribution and occlusal contact area were obtained through three digital analysis methods: “3D color difference map method”, “point cloud analysis method”, and “virtual articulating paper method”. The occlusal contact distribution and occlusal contact area were also obtained by two traditional occlusal analysis methods: “silicone interocclusal recording material method” and “scanned articulating paper mark method”. A threshold of 100 μm was used to analyze the occlusal contacts and 100 μm was also the thickness of arti-culating paper used in this study. The results of these five different occlusal analysis methods were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. Results: The results of 3D occlusal contact distribution obtained by the above five methods were basically consistent. The total occlusal contact area obtained by 3D color difference map method, point cloud analysis method, virtual articulating paper method, silicone interocclusal recording material method and scanned articulating paper mark method were 133.10 mm ², 142.08 mm ², 128.95 mm ², 163.31 mm ², and 100.55 mm ² respectively. There was little difference between the results of three digital analysis methods. The results of occlusal contact area obtained by the digital methods and the traditional methods were different. Conclusion: The three digital analysis methods can provide reliable and accurate analysis results of occlusal contact distribution and occlusal contact area of dental model. The results obtained by these methods can serve as references for the digital occlusal surface design of dental prosthesis and clinical occlusal analysis.