颅脑外伤气管切开患者气道湿化不佳的相关因素分析及护理

目的:探究颅脑外伤气管切开患者气道湿化不佳的相关因素,进一步找出最适合的护理方法.方法:对我院收治的需要进行气管切开的20 例颅脑外伤患者分为两组,分别做气道湿化不足以及气道湿化过度两种情况,再对两组分别再进行分组做对比试验.结果:气道湿化不足患者中:传统组出现痰痂3例、血痂1例、气管堵塞1例;雾化组出现痰痂1例、血痂1例;两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).气道湿化过度的患者,低浓度组出现痰液粘稠的1例、刺激性咳嗽1例;正常浓度组出现痰液粘稠2例、刺激性咳嗽2 例、气道粘膜出血1例;两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:对于颅脑外伤患者而言,气管切开是保证其呼吸道畅通的关键,而做好气管切开湿化护理又是相当重要的,能确保呼吸道通畅,为脑部提供充足的氧,改善脑外伤预后.

Related Factors and Care of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Tracheotomy Poor Airway Humidification

Objective:To investigate patients with head trauma tracheostomy airway humidification factors related to the poor,and further identify the most appropriate methods of care.Methods:The hospital admitted the need for tracheotomy,20 cases of brain injury patients were divided into two groups to do less airway humidification and airway humidification over both cases,re-grouping of the two groups were then made comparison test.Results:The lack of airway humidification in patients: the traditional group had three cases of sputum,blood scab in 1 case,airway blockage in 1 case;spray group had sputum in 1 case,blood scab,1 case;the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Excessive airway humidification in patients with low concentrations appear viscous sputum in 1 case,irritating cough,1 case;normal viscous sputum concentrations occur in 2 cases,irritating cough in 2 cases,airway mucosal bleeding in 1 case;the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:For the head injury patients,tracheotomy is the key to ensure the airway,and good wet tracheotomy care is very important,to ensure the airway,provide adequate oxygen to the brain,improving traumatic brain injury outcome.