荜澄茄挥发油的成分分析及提取过程动力学研究

目的优选荜澄茄挥发油的提取工艺,并探讨挥发油得率与提取时间的内在联系。同时分离鉴定荜澄茄挥发油的化学成分。方法通过正交试验法确定荜澄茄挥发油的最佳提取工艺。在此基础上,采用适当的动力学模型对提取过程实验数据进行拟合,得出挥发油提取过程的动力学数学模型;并应用GC-MS技术进行挥发油的成分分析。结果在最佳提取工艺条件下的动力学模型方程为:V=1.96×(1-e-0.00607t)(R2=0.998 9)和ln(Vs-V)=-0.00473t+0.7275(R2=0.998 2)。荜澄茄挥发油经GC-MS分离鉴定出24种化合物。结论所得提取过程的数学模型较好表达了挥发油提取量和提取时间的关系,可用于指导荜澄茄挥发油生产过程的优化控制。从荜澄茄挥发油中鉴定出24种化合物,占挥发油总量的96.70%,绝大部分为萜类化合物。

Study on chemical constituents and kinetic models of volatile oil from Litsea cubeba

Objective To optimize the extraction process of volatile oil from Litsea cubeba,investigate the relationship between yields and extraction time,and identify the components of essential oil.Methods Orthogonal design was used for optimizing extraction conditions,and mathematic kinetic models during the extraction process of volatile oil were established.The essential oil was analysed by GC-MS.Results Under the optimal extraction conditions,the mathematic kinetic models were: V=1.96×(1-e-0.00607t)(R2=0.998 9) and ln(Vs-V)=-0.00473t+0.7275(R2=0.998 2).24 coumpounds were identified by GC-MS analysis.Conclusion The regression of the kinetic models is effective,which can be applied to optimize the extraction process of volatile oil from Litsea cubeba.24 kinds of constituents in the volatile oil were identified,which made up 96.70% of the total volatile oil,and most of them were terpenoids.