退行性腰椎侧凸性椎管狭窄神经根受压特点

目的研究退行性腰椎侧凸性椎管狭窄(DLSS)患者神经根性压迫的原因及其与侧凸形式的关系.方法选取1999年7月～2002年12月本院骨科治疗的27例DLSS患者,术前进行神经系统物理检查,通过神经根性特定体表分部确定受压神经根序列和侧别.全部患者进行X线平片、核磁共振检查和腰椎管造影,并确定神经根受压位置.结果27例患者中6例存在L3神经根性症状,13例存在L4神经根性症状,15例存在L5神经根性症状,9例存在S1神经根性症状.L3、L4神经根多在侧凸凹侧的神经根孔或神经根孔以外的部位存在压迫和狭窄,L5、S1神经根则较多在侧凸凸侧的侧隐窝位置存在压迫.结论DLSS患者神经根性损害出现在侧凸凹、凸两侧,出现的几率相近;神经根性损害的分布均接近于骶正中平分线,此结果可能与侧凸的非正常应力有关系.

Characteristics of nerve root compression caused by degenerative lumbar stenosis with scoliosis

Objective To investigate the factors that may contribute to radiculopathy in degenerative lumbar stenosis with scoliosis(DLSS)and their association with the pattern of the scoliosis. MethodsTwenty-seven patients with DLSS were examined in our hospital. The symptomatic nerve roots were determined by pain distribution, and neurological findings. The compressive factors were diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging and myelography or radiculography. The pattern of scoliosis was determined by plain radiographs. Correlation between the affected nerve root and the compressive factors or the pattern of the scoliosis were then analyzed. Results Among the 27 patients, L3 root was affected in 6 patients, L4 root in 13 patients, L5 root in 15 patients, and S1 root in 9 patients. L3 and L4 roots were more compressed by foraminal or extraforaminal stenosis on the concave side of the curve, whereas L5 and S1 roots were commonly affected by lateral recess stenosis on the convex side. ConclusionIn DLSS, nerve root compression is not only seen on the concave side of the scoliosis, but also equally involved on the convex side. Most radiculopathy in DLSS distributes close to central sacral vertical line, which may be due to the abnormal weight-bearing for the pattern of scoliosis.