2型糖尿病遗传病因学研究的现状和展望

2型糖尿病是糖尿病的最主要类型。在全世界范围内,由于人类生活方式的改变和寿命的延长,2型糖尿病患病率呈迅速增长的趋势。虽然有充足的证据显示2型糖尿病是一种遗传性疾病,但除罕见的2型糖尿病亚型外,绝大多数2型糖尿病的遗传模式不符合经典的孟德尔遗传模式。因此,2型糖尿病被认为是遗传和环境之间相互作用所导致的复杂遗传病。由于2型糖尿病遗传的复杂性,在过去的20年间,对其遗传因素的认识并没有得到令人满意的进展。本文主要对2型糖尿病的遗传学研究的现状进行回顾并对其今后的研究策略进行展望。

Status quo and prospects for genetic studies on type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is the main type of diabetes in diabetic population. Alongwith the rapid changes of life style and increased life expectancy,the prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases rapidly worldwide. However,strong evidences have shown that genetic factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes,except for some rare subtypes of type 2 diabetes. The genetic patterns of the common forms of type 2 diabetes do not follow the role of classic Mendelian inheritance. Therefore,the type 2 diabetes is regarded as a complex disease caused by interaction between gene and environment. However,little progress has been made during past two decades in the genetic epidemiology of type 2 diabetes. This article reviews the cu- rrent status of genetic epidemiology of type 2 diabetes and proposes strategies for future researches.