视知觉表征相似性理论

前言视觉是一个古老的研究课题,许多世纪以来,视知觉问题一直吸引着科学家的好奇心。近年来在视觉神经生理学、视觉心理学和人工视觉(计算机视觉、机器人视觉或视觉代偿)等领域都得到了很显著的发展,提出了一些非常有意义的理论1,2]。目前的视觉理论都认为视觉对外部世界的表征要么是一种几何复制子3],或者是相对于环境的这些大范围不变量的表征4]。他们强调的都是物体与相应的内部表征之间的一级关系(ｆｉｒｓｔｏｒｄｅｒｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎ)问题,即通过物体与其内部表征之间的相似性进行,即通过相似性表征(ｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｔｉｏ…

Representation of similarity:a theory on visual cognition

Assessments of similarity seem to be important for a variety of cognitive acts, ranging from problem solving to categorization to memory retrieval. Similarity is important properties to both human cognitive activities and computer. Therefore interdisciplinary research has already accumulated a number of facts and different theories were put forward. According to the proposed theory of representation of similarity, a shape is presented internally by the response of a small number of tuned modules, each broadly selective for some reference shape, whose similarity to the stimulus it measures. This shape space supports representations of distal shape similarity that are verdical as second-order isomorphisms (i.e. correspondence between distal and proximal similarities among shapes, rather than between distal shape and their proximal representations). An ensemble or a Chorus of n classifiers maps the distal shape to a proximal representation space R k. In the domain of shape perception, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) has been applied in the analysis of perceived similarity among relatively simple two-dimensional figures. The column organization of the inferotemporal cortex (IT) seems to be equally compatible with the notion that entire objects are represented, as called by the Chorus model.