无创通气治疗呼吸衰竭的研究进展

无创通气(noninvasive ventilation,NIV)具有使用方便、并发症少等优点,临床应用日趋广泛。NIV不仅可用于治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病、支气管哮喘、急性肺损伤和急性呼吸窘迫综合征、心源性肺水肿等引起的呼吸衰竭,还可为外科手术和拒绝插管有创通气的患者提供通气支持以及协助有创通气患者早期拔管脱机等。本文综述了近年来NIV的临床应用进展。

Advance in the Application of Noninvasive Ventilation to Treat Respiratory Failure

Noninvasive ventilation(NIV), because of its easier operation and fewer complications as compared with invasive ventilation is used increasingly to treat respiratory failure in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. NIV can also be used to provide ventilatory support for postoperative patients and for those with Do-Not-Intubate order, and to facilitate extubation and weaning for patients who are already intubated. The appropriate application of NIV in clinical should be improvement of patient outcomes.