254株肠球菌的分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解该院2001年1月～2004年12月临床分离的肠球菌的菌种分布和耐药情况。方法 采用梅里埃API细菌生化鉴定系统对肠球菌进行鉴定，用K-B法进行药敏测定。结果 254株肠球菌中以粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌分离率最高，分别占76．8％和14．6％，其他肠球菌占8．6％；肠球菌对万古霉素的耐药率为零，对青霉素、氨苄西林的耐药率，粪肠球菌为8．7％和7．7％，屎肠球菌均为89．2％；粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌的耐药率对高浓度庆大霉素分别为34．4％和56．8％，对呋喃妥因分别为9.7％和29．7％，对左氧氟沙星分别为26．7％和75．7％，对氯霉素分别为40．0％和29．7％，对红霉素分别为79．0％和91．9％。结论 引起医院感染的肠球菌主要是粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌，对青霉素类抗生素的耐药性屎肠球菌明显高于粪肠球菌，未检出耐万古霉素的肠球菌。

Distribution and drug resistance analysis of 254 strains of enterococcus

Objective] To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of enterococcus isolated from clinical specimens. Method] API was used for identifying enterococcus and K-B method was used in drug sensitivity tests. Results] Totally 254 strains of enterococcus were isolated, the isolation rates of E.faecalis, E.faecium and other kind of enterococcus were 76.8%, 14.6% and 8.6% respectively. Enterococcus were all sensitive to Vancomycin. The rates of drug resistance to Penicillin and Ampicillin were 8.7% and 7.7% respectively on E.faecalis and 89.2% on E. faecium. The rates of drug resistance to Gentamicin with high concentration on E.faecaois and E.faecium were 34.4%, 56.8% respectively; to Nitrofurantoin were 9.7% and 29.7% respectively; to Levofloxacin were 26.7% and 75.7%; to Chloramphenicol chloromycetin were 40.0% and 29.7%; to Erythromycin were 79.0% and 91.9%. Conclusions] Enterococcus, resulted in hospital infection, mostly were E.faecalis and E.faecium. The rates of drug resistance to antibiotics as Penicillin on E.faecium were higher than on E.faecalis. Enterococcus resisted to Vancomycin were not isolated.