糖尿病ZDF大鼠早期微血管并发症的生化指标及病理组织学变化

目的观察自发性2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)ZDF大鼠早期微血管并发症的生化指标及病理变化。方法取6只7~8周龄的雄性ZDF大鼠适应性饲养3 d后,开始饲喂Purina#5008饲料,另取8只同周龄的雄性ZL大鼠为正常对照组,饲喂普通饲料。在12、14、16周龄时检测血糖(GLU)、血清胆固醇(CHOL)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs CRP)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c),16周龄时处死,并对眼球、肾、心、脑组织进行病理学检查。结果 ZDF大鼠GLU、CHOL、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、hs CRP水平逐渐升高。16周龄时,ZDF大鼠RBP、m ALB、TRF含量显著高于ZL大鼠(P0.01)。肾小球、视网膜、心肌、脑部出现不同程度的微血管病变,肾小球部分血管基膜增厚,视网膜内皮细胞增多,血管壁增厚,心脏出现少量心肌纤维化,海马区神经元异常。结论 ZDF大鼠在16周龄时出现T2DM早期微血管并发症,其中T2DM早期肾病、视网膜病变、心肌病变较为突出,脑神经元轻微病变。

Biochemical indicators and pathological changes of early microvascular complications in spontaneous type 2 diabetes (T2DM) ZDF rats

Objective To investigate the biochemical indicators and pathological changes of early microvascular complications in spontaneous type 2 diabetes (T2DM) ZDF rats. Methods Six male ZDF rats aged around 7-8weeks were allowed to acclimate for 3days after feeding Purina#5008, eight male ZL rats at the same age were assigned to control group, fed with regular diets. At 12,14,16week, blood glucose (GLU), serum cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were detected. All rats were sacrificed at 16 week and pathological examinations were applied to eye, kidney, heart, brain tissues. Results GLU, CHOL, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, hsCRP levels in ZDF rats were increased gradually (P<0.01). At 16 week, RBP, mALB, TRF contents in ZDF rats were significantly higher than ZL rats (P<0.01). Glomeruli, retina, myocardium, brain tissue showed varying degrees of microvascular disease, vascular basement membrane of the glomerular part appeared thicken, retinal endothelial cells were increased, vascular wall was thicken, and the heart showed a small amount of myocardial fibrosis, hippocampal neurons appeared abnormal. Conclusions ZDF rats showed early microvascular complications of T2DM at16 week, among which T2DM early nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiomyopathy become more prominent, cerebral neuron appeared slight lesion.