基于微卫星DNA标记的恒河猴遗传多样性研究

目的分析评估恒河猴遗传多样性水平，为建立标准化的恒河猴监测方法提供基础资料。方法利用19个微卫星DNA标记对恒河猴遗传多样性进行分析，经基因组DNA提取、PCR扩增、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳等，用POPGENE1．32软件及Excel进行统计分析。结果19个微卫星座位均呈现出了高度多态性，共检测到了等位基因164个，各座位的观察等位基因数在6—11个之间，平均为8．6316个；各基因座位的有效等位基因数在3．5727—8．9416个之间，平均为6．0709个；各微卫星座位的观察杂合度在0．2560—0．6364之间，群体平均值为0．4309；期望杂合度在0．7230～0．9010之间，群体平均值为0．8270；多态信息含量在0．6771—0．8874之间，群体平均值为0．7979；香隆信息指数在1．4249～2．2662之间，群体平均值为1．8901；本研究检测的19个微卫星座位均偏离Hardy—Weinberg平衡（P〈0．01）。结论所研究的恒河猴群体遗传多态性比较丰富，本实验为今后建立恒河猴质量监测方法提供理论依据。

Study on the genetic diversity in Macaca mulatta based on microsatellite DNA markerks

Objective To estimate the genetic diversity of Macaca mulatta and providing valuable information and references for standardization of the population. Methods Macaca mulatta were genotyped using 19 mierosatellite DNA markers, DNA were extracted from blood and amplified by PCR, PCR products were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Every microsatellite locus was calculated by softwrare Popgene 1.32 and Excel. Results All nineteen microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic, 164 alleles were found in the population. Na, Ne, Ho, He, PIG and I ranged from 6 to 11, 3. 5727 to 8. 9416, 0. 2560 to 0. 6364, 0. 7230 to 0. 9010, 0. 6771 to 0. 8874, and 1. 4249 to 2. 2662, with an average of 8. 6316, 6. 0709, 0.4309, 0. 8270, 0. 7979 and 1. 8901, respectively. All of 19 loci showed significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Conclusions Resuhs indicated there are high variations of Macaca mulatta in this study. The experiments can provide a theoretical foundation for establishing genetic quality monitoring method with specific microsatellite loci.