大鼠下颌下腺注射A型肉毒毒素后的形态学研究

目的 观察大鼠下颌下腺局部注射A型肉毒毒素(Botulinumtoxin type A，BTX-A)后的形态学改变，探讨BTX-A对下颌下腺作用的机制。方法 18只雌性wistar大鼠，于右侧下颌下腺注射BTX-A作为治疗组，左侧注射生理盐水作为对照组。分别于用药后第6天(n=6)、第lO天(n=6)、第30天(n=6)处死。采用HE染色，光镜下观察注射BTX-A后存活不同时间之大鼠下颌下腺组织形态学改变。结果 大鼠注射BTX-A不同时间下颌下腺中腺泡及腺管细胞形态发生不同改变。注射BTX-A 6天后，腺泡细胞出现变性，腺管轻度萎缩。而用药lO天后改变最明显，可见大量腺泡细胞萎缩。至注射BTX-A 30天后萎缩的腺泡细胞量减少，正常的腺泡细胞增多。对照组各时间段仅见：少量萎缩的腺泡细胞。各组萎缩的腺泡周围未见炎症细胞浸润及坏死发生。结论 大鼠下颌下腺注射BTX-A可以导致腺泡及腺管细胞暂时性萎缩。从而可依此治疗下颌下腺分泌过多所致的多涎症。

MORPHOLOGIC CHANGES IN RAR SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND AFTER LNJECTIOB OF BOTULIUM TOXIN TYPE A

Objective The morphologic changes of rat submandibular gland was investigated after injection Botulinum toxin-A with histologic technique. Methods A total of 18 female wistar rats were used in the study.Animals were divided into control group which was injected with physiological saline at left submandibular gland,BTX-A treated group was injected with BTX-A at right side.The rats were sacrificed at the 6th day,10th day and the 30th day after treatment.General histologic methods were used to observe the morphologic changes of submandibular gland in rats at different days after BTX-A and saline injection by light microscope. Results The cell morphology of acinar cells and ducts were different in BTX-A treated group during observation time.A tthe 6th day after BTX-A injection,acinar cells showed degeneration,a few ducts showed atrophy.The changes were markedly at the 10th day,many acinar cells and ducts showed atrophy.30 days later,the number of atrophic acinar cells decreased.Few atrophic acinar cells was observed in control group.There were no cellualar infiltration and necrosis around the acinar cells and ducts in all groups. Conclusion BTX-A induces temporarily atrophy of acinar cell and duct in rats submandibular gland.It could be considered a therapeutic option for the treatment of hypersalivation.