彩色多普勒超声对高血压糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的诊断价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声（CDU）在高血压、糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化中的诊断价值及声像图表现特点。方法对临床确诊的41例高血压病、33例糖尿病和17例高血压合并糖尿病患者的颈总动脉内膜-中膜厚度（IMT）、斑块分布、狭窄程度及狭窄处血流动力学改变等进行回顾性总结，分析其颈动脉的超声声像图改变。结果91例患者IMT均有不同程度的改变，其中71例有斑块形成，且多发生于分叉部，13例存在颈内动脉狭窄，6例狭窄处颈内动脉收缩期峰值流速（PSV）明显增高，2例颈内动脉闭塞。结论CDU诊断高血压、糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的敏感性高，其可较准确评价颈总动脉的IMT、斑块特点、狭窄程度及狭窄处的血流动力学改变情况，为临床诊治中提供参考依据。

The diagnosis value of color doppler ultrasound in carotid atherosclerosis of the palients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus

Objective To evaluate the application value and sonographic features of Color Doppler Ultrasonography （CDU） in carotid atherosclerosis. Methods The infima - media thickness （IMT）, distribution of plaques, degree of stenosis and changes of hemodynamics on the stricture in the common carotid artery, which came from the clinical diagnosis of 41 patients of hypertension, 33 patients with diabetes and 17 cases of hypertension with diabetes mellitus, were retrospectively summarized and analysed the changes of ultrasonographic in their carotid artery. Results In 91 patients, there were different degrees of changes at the aspect of IMT, 71 patients had plaque formation, and mostly occured in the bifurcation, the internal carotid artery stenosis existed in 13 patients, there were significantly increased at peak systolic velocity（PSV） in the internal carotid artery stenosis of 6 cases, the occlusion was occurred in 2 patients. Conclusion Detected by CDU, there is high sensitivity in diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis in the patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, which can take a more accurate evaluation of common carotid artery IMT, plaque characteristics, degree of stenosis and the hemodynamic changes at the stenosis, then in an effort to provide a useful evidence for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.