产前超声诊断胎儿心内膜垫缺损的临床应用

目的探讨产前超声诊断胎儿心内膜垫缺损的临床价值。方法对所有受检胎儿采用二维超声心动图检查,包括四腔心、左室流出道、右室流出道、心底短轴、主动脉弓、动脉导管弓、三血管切面及三血管气管切面等的扫查,在此基础上追踪大血管的走行及相互关系。对产前诊断的15例胎儿心内膜垫缺损超声心动图表现进行回顾性分析,并追踪术后结果。结果根据声像图特征：心内膜垫缺损超声分为2型：完全型（11例）;部分型（4例）。15例胎儿经尸解均证实为心内膜垫缺损,准确率100%（15/15）。2例心包积液合并头皮水肿,3例合并胸水、腹水,合并大动脉转位1例,肺动脉狭窄1例。结论产前胎儿超声心动图检查对诊断胎儿心内膜垫缺损准确率高,具有临床应用价值。

Diagnostic value of prenatal ultrasound in fetal congenital atrioventricular septal defect

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of prenatal ultrasound in fetal congenital atrioventricular septal defect（AVSD）.Methods All patients were referred for fetal echocardiography including the 4 chamber heart,left ventricular outflow tract,right ventricular outflow tract,heart short axis,aortic arch,ductus arteriosus arch,a the three vessels view and three vascular tracheal section scanning,etc.15 cases of prenatal diagnosis on the AVSD characteristics of fetal echocardiography were retrospectively analyzed.Results According to results of ultrasound images,fetal AVSD was divided into two types： Complete AVSD type（11cases）,Incomplete AVSD type（4cases）.15 cases were proved into etal endocardial cushion defect by autopsy.The accuracy rate was 100%.2 fetuses were with pericardial effusion and scalp edema.3 cases were with pleural effusion and ascites,1 with TGA,and 1 with pulmonary stenosis.Conclusion Prenatal ultrasound has very important clinical value in diagnosis of fetal AVSD.