潜艇艇员与潜艇岸勤人员注意力对照研究

目的 通过对照研究探讨潜艇环境对艇员注意集中和注意分配能力的影响.方法 运用注意力集中能力测定仪(EP701C)和注意分配仪(EP708A)分别测量潜艇艇员和潜艇岸勤人员靶标跟踪在靶时间、脱靶次数、简单反应时、复杂反应时、操作正确次数等指标,并对两组人员各指标所测数据进行比较.结果 注意集中测试中,潜艇艇员一期士官(3年≤兵龄≤5年)脱靶次数多于潜艇岸勤人员一期士官(t=2.03,P＜0.05);潜艇艇员多期士官(兵龄＞5年)在靶时间低于潜艇岸勤人员多期士官(t=2.27,P＜0.05),脱靶次数多于潜艇岸勤人员多期士官(t=2.12,P＜0.05).注意分配测试中,潜艇艇员一期上官和多期士官双任务测试操作正确次数分别少于潜艇岸勤人员一期士官(Z=7.03,P＜0.0l)和多期士官(Z=7.74,P＜0.01).结论 总体上潜艇艇员注意力显著差于潜艇岸勤人员,上艇3～5年是艇员注意力受到或开始受到影响的重要时期.

A comparative study of attention focusing between submariners and off-shore staffs

Objective To investigate the effects of submarine environment on the ability of attention focusing and distribution of submariners through a comparative study. Methods To measure simple reaction time, complex reaction time, correct times of reaction, the time on targets as well as the times out of track with attention focus measuring instrument (EP701C) and attention distribution measuring instrument(EP708A). Results In the attention focusing test, the times out of track of target was significantly more in submariners with a 3-5 years service experience compared with their off-shore counterparts(t=2.03,P<0.05). The time on targets was significantly shorter in submariners with a more than 5 years service experience compared with their off-shore counterparts(t=2.27,P<0.05), and the times out of track of target was significantly more in submariners (t=2.12,P<0.05). In the attention distribution test, the correct times of reaction in submariners with 3-5 years service was significantly less than their off-shore counterparts(Z=7.03,P<0.01), and the same was also true for those with a more than 5 years service experience(Z=7.74,P<0.01). Conclusion Our findings indicate that the attention abilities of submariners are lower than those of off-shore staffs, and 3-5 year service period is the important time for impairment of attention ability among submariners.