麻诊患儿免疫状态的探讨

目的：探讨麻疹患儿急性期与复期的免疫状态，为指导临床治疗提供理论依据。方法：用流式细胞术测定30例麻疹患儿T细胞亚群、自然杀伤细胞（NK）和B细胞，用ELISA法测定免疫球蛋白（IgM)，用免疫速率散射比浊法测定补体C3和C4。结果：急性期CD3^ 和CD4^ 比例下降，CD8^ 比例上升，CD4^ ／CD8^ 比例倒置，NK细胞比例上升，与对照组比较差异有显性（P＜0．01）。恢复期CD3^ 和CD4^ 比例逐渐上升，CD8^ 和NK细胞比例逐渐下降，CD4^ ／CD8^ 比例上升，与对照组比较差异无显性（P＞0．05）。CD19^ 、C3和C4于急性期和恢复期间的差异无显性。麻疹特异性免疫球蛋白（IgM）阳性例数与差异有显性（P＜0．05）。结论：麻疹患儿机体细胞免疫抑制以CD3^ 和CD4^ 下降为主，临床治疗应针对CD3^ 和CD4^ 下降相关的免疫抑制进行。

The study of immunity to measles

Objective:To investigate the immune state of measles in acute period and convalescence period for clinic treatment.Methods:T lymphocyte subsets?NK cell?B lymphocyte of 30 children with measles were determined by Flow cytometry assay(FCMS),measles' specific antibody (IgM) was determined by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay(ELISA),complement 3 and complement 4 were determined by Immunonephelometric assay.Results:In acute period,the ratio of T lymphocyte CD + 3?CD + 4 decreased,the ratio of CD + 8?NK cell increased,the reverted rate of CD + 4/CD + 8 (compared with controls;P<0.01). In convalescence period,the ratio of T lymphocyte CD + 3?CD + 4 increased,the ratio of CD + 8?NK cell decreased,the rate of CD + 4/CD + 8 increased (compared with controls,P>0.05). Measles specific antibody (IgM) in acute period and convalescence period has significant difference from those of controls(P<0.05). B lymphocyte (CD + 19 ).There's no difference among three groups (acute period?convalescence period and controls) in complement 3 and complement 4 .Conclusion:The treatment should be aimed at T lymphocyte subsets CD + 3?CD + 4,which decrease in measles.