不同产地药材牛膝的红外光谱及红外导数光谱鉴别研究

目的 建立不同产地牛膝的红外光谱和红外导数光谱并对其差异性进行分析，为牛膝药材的快速鉴别提供依据。方法 运用傅里叶红外光谱技术结合二阶导数光谱对不同产地的牛膝药材进行鉴别，采用聚类分析和主成分分析对红外光谱数据进行统计分析。结果 牛膝的红外吸收峰主要在3 289、2 975、2 890、1 723、1 630、1 403、1 321、1 241、1 018、927、814、773 cm-1附近，虽然不同产地牛膝所含化学成分具有相似性，但不同产地牛膝红外吸收峰的位置和相对强度存在一定差异；并且在二阶导数红外图谱的1 800~800 cm-1波段中有更加明显差别，可以为其鉴别提供更准确的依据。聚类分析显示不同批次间相似度很高，主成分分析结果表明在1 723、1 630、927、814、651 cm-1等处的吸收峰对区分不同产地牛膝药材的贡献较大，内蒙古自治区赤峰市和河南省焦作市武陟县的牛膝药材综合评分较高。结论 红外光谱法与二阶导数光谱相结合不仅可以提供中药材所含化学成分的相关信息，还可以对其不同产地进行区分，实现对牛膝的快速鉴别。

Identification of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae From Different Producing Areas by Infrared Spectroscopy and Infrared Derivative Spectrophotometry

Objective To establish the spectra of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae from different producing areas by infrared spectrometry and infrared derivative spectrophotometry, to investigate their differences, and to provide a basis for rapid identification of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae. Methods Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with second-order derivative spectrophotometry was used to identify Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae from different producing areas, and cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to perform a statistical analysis of infrared spectrometry data. Results The infrared absorption peaks of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae were around 3 289, 2 975, 2 890, 1 723, 1 630, 1 403, 1 321, 1 241, 1 018, 927, 814, and 773 cm-1. Although Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae from different producing areas had similar chemical components, there are certain differences in the position and relative intensity of the infrared absorption peaks of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae from different producing areas. Significant differences were observed in the 1 800-800 cm-1 band of the spectrum of second-order derivative spectrophotometry, which provided a more accurate basis for identification. The cluster analysis showed a degree of similarity between different batches, and the results of principal component analysis showed that the absorption peaks at 1 723, 1 630, 927, 814, and 651 cm-1 had a greater contribution to distinguishing Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae from different producing areas. Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae from Chifeng City of Inner Mongolia and Wuzhi County of Jiaozuo City in Henan Province had a relatively high comprehensive score. Conclusion The combination of infrared spectroscopy and second-order derivative spectrophotometry can not only provide the information on the chemical components of Chinese medicinal material, but also distinguish the Chinese medicinal material from different producing areas, which can realize the rapid identification of Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae.