脑内脂质代谢在抑郁症发生发展中作用的研究进展

国家抑郁症是一种十分常见且严重的精神类疾病，通常表现为兴趣或愉悦感丧失，缺乏情绪反应，明显的精神运动迟缓或躁动以及食欲、体重和性欲的减退。大脑中富含脂质，脂质对于中枢神经系统的神经发生和突触形成等功能非常重要。脂肪酸、鞘脂、磷脂和胆固醇等脑内脂质代谢紊乱在不同程度上调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（HPA轴）活性和脑内多巴胺、脑源性神经营养因子等的表达水平，进而影响抑郁的发生发展。本文重点总结脑内脂质代谢在抑郁症发生发展中的作用，同时归纳总结现有与脑内脂质代谢相关的抗抑郁药物，为临床抗抑郁药物的选择及其治疗方式提供综述基础。自然科学基金项目（81573876,81973502）

Study progress on the role of brain lipid metabolism in the development of depression

Depression is a very common and serious mental illness, usually manifested by loss of interest or pleasure and lack of emotional response. The brain is rich in lipids, which play an important role in neurogenesis and synaptic formation of the central nervous system. The metabolism disorders of fatty acids, sphingolipids, phospholipids, cholesterol and other lipids are not only related to the activity of the HPA axis and the expression levels of dopamine and neurotrophic factors, but affect the occurrence and development of depression. We reviewed the role of brain lipid metabolism in the occurrence and development of depression, associated antidepressants.