常见牙周致病菌在唾液与龈下菌斑中检出率的比较

目的探讨用唾液取代龈下菌斑采集牙周致病菌样本的可能性。方法选择侵袭性牙周炎和慢性牙周炎患者各36例,应用16SrRNAPCR技术分别检测患者龈下菌斑和唾液中的伴放线放线杆菌(A.a)、牙龈卟啉单胞菌(P.g)和福赛斯坦纳菌(T.f)。以21名牙周健康者作为对照。结果A.a在侵袭性牙周炎患者唾液和龈下菌斑中的检出率分别为41.67%和50%,与其他两组相比均有显著性差异(P<0.05);P.g在侵袭性牙周炎和慢性牙周炎患者唾液中的检出率分别为66.67%和50%,在龈下菌斑中的检出率分别为83.33%和91.67%,与对照组的30%和51.74%比较均有显著差异(P<0.05);T.f在侵袭性牙周炎、慢性牙周炎和健康对照者龈下菌斑中的检出率分别91.67%、91.67%和85.71%;在唾液中的检出率分别为75%、66.67%和71.43%;三组间比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论牙周炎患者的非刺激性全唾液是龈下菌斑样本的集合,可以取代龈下菌斑用于采集细菌样本检测牙周病原菌。

Detection of periodontal pathogens in unstimulated saliva and subgingival plaque

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of whole unstimulated saliva instead of subgingival plaque in detecting periodontal pathogens. Methods Thirty-six patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and 36 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) were included in this study. Saliva and subgingival plaque samples were collected. 16S rRNA PCR was adopted to detect Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans(A.a), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g) and Tannerella forsythensis(T.f). Twenty-one periodontal healthy individuals were served as controls. Results A.a was isolated from 41.67% of salivary samples and 50% of subgingival samples of patients with GAgP, significantly diffenent from the other two groups (P<0.05). The prevalence of P.g in saliva was significantly higher in patients with GAgP (66.67%) and GCP (50%) than that in the controls (30%, P<0.05), and the same was found in subgingival samples for P.g (83.33%, 91.67% and 51.74%, respectively, P<0.05). T.f was frequently detected in three groups (75%, 66.67% and 71.43%, respectively in saliva, and 91.67%, 91.67% and 85.71%, respectively in subgingival plaque) with no significant difference between them (P>0.05). Conclusion Whole unstimulated saliva is representative of pooled subgingival plaque samples in patients with periodontitis, which may be used to detect periodontal pathogens in place of subgingival plaque.