支气管哮喘和慢性喘息型支气管炎患者发作期呼吸音的分析研究

目的 :探讨支气管哮喘和慢性喘息型支气管炎 (慢喘支 )患者发作期呼吸音的频谱特点 ,并对二者进行分析比较。　方法 :利用传感器和微机等设备录取 1 0例发作期哮喘患者和 8例发作期慢喘支患者的呼吸音 ,并对其进行FFT(fast Fouriertransform)频谱分析。　结果 :发作期哮喘和发作期慢喘支患者产生喘鸣音时的呼气频率〔两组的PF ,Q2 5% ,Q50 % ,Q75% 分别为 (388.4 2± 82 .4 3)Hz ,(31 2 .96± 6 6 .88)Hz,(4 2 2 .2 4± 91 .1 6 )Hz,(5 38.76±1 1 0 .2 2 )Hz和 (35 9.4 3± 4 5 .4 6 )Hz,(2 96 .98± 6 7.84 )Hz ,(4 2 1 .4 3± 91 .82 )Hz,(5 2 3.2 87± 6 0 .1 6 )Hz〕和强度〔LSI分别为 (2 3.2 1± 0 .82 )dB和 (2 3.1 1± 0 .5 6 )dB〕无差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;发作期慢喘支患者吸气时的频率比发作期哮喘患者低〔两组的PF ,Q2 5% ,Q50 % ,Q75% 分别为 (1 76 .6 8± 36 .84 )Hz,(1 71 .32± 32 .6 4 )Hz,(2 2 9.6 9± 31 .87)Hz ,(382 .36±55 .2 1 )Hz和 (35 4 .2 1± 6 7.5 8)Hz,(2 86 .4 2± 5 3.6 8)Hz,(386 .77± 74 .1 8)Hz,(5 5 4 .6 8± 84 .72 )Hz,P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1〕。　结论 :哮喘和慢喘支患者发作期呼吸音的频谱分析 ,有助于发作期哮喘和发作期慢喘支的诊断和鉴别诊断。

Spectral analysis of breath sounds in asthmatics and chronic asthmatic bronchitis during acute episode

Objectives:To evaluate and differentiate the spectral characteristics of the breath sounds in patients with asthmatics and chronic asthmatic bronchitis during episode. Methods:The breath sounds in 10 patients with asthmatics and 8 patients with chronic asthmatic bronchitis during episode were recorded by using microphone and computer and analyzed with FFT(fast-Fourier transform). Results: No difference of the expiratory frequency and intensity was found between the wheezes in patients with asthmaticsPF=(388.42±82.43)Hz, Q25%=(312.96±66.88)Hz,Q50%=(422.24±91.16)Hz,Q75%=(538.76±110.22)Hz, LSI=(23.21±0.82)dB,respectively],and chronic asthmatic bronchitisPF=(359.43±45.46)Hz,Q25%=(296.98±67.84)Hz,Q50%=(421.43±91.82)Hz,Q75%=(523.287±60.16)Hz,LSI=(23.11±0.56)dB, respectively] during episode(P>0.05). However, during episode the inspiratory frequencies in patients with chronic asthmatic bronchitisPF=(176.68 ±36.84)Hz,Q25%=(171.32±32.64)Hz,Q50%=(229.69±31.87)Hz,Q75%=(382.36±55.21)Hz, respectively] was significantly lower than that in asthmatics PF=(354.21±67.58)Hz,Q25%=(286.42±53.68)Hz,Q50%=(386.77±74.18)Hz,Q75%=(554.68±84.72)Hz,respectively,P<0.05 or P<0.01]. Conclusions:The results suggest that the analysis of the breath sounds in patients with asthmatics and chronic asthmatic bronchitis during episode may be helpful for their diagnosis and differential diagnosis.