胰岛素样生长因子-1在妇科疾病中的作用

在许多组织增生过程中，通过内分泌、旁分泌和自分泌会产生胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)。最近的研究发现，IGF-1存在于各种增生组织，如子宫内膜和卵巢组织。患有严重子宫内膜异位症时，血清中IGF-1水平较高，而子宫内膜局部的：IGF-1水平减低，这可能是导致不孕的原因，多囊性卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者卵巢局部的IGF-1活性增强，与患者肥胖、高雄激素水平等一系列临床症状有关。IGF-1在良、恶性肿瘤中也起着重要的作用，IGF-1能刺激子宫肌瘤细胞的生长。围绝经期妇女若存在高IGF-1和低IGF-1结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)水平，则患乳腺癌的风险增大。绝经前后女性的高IGF-1水平与宫颈癌、卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌的发病率存在相关性。

The role of IGF-1 in gynecologic disease

Recent discoveries on endocrine,paracrine and autocrine involvement of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the proliferation of many tissues raised the attention of its role in reproduction and in the growth of various cancers as well as of benign proliferation. Studies show that IGF-1 is involved in the differentiation of various reproductive tissues, like endometrium and ovarian tissues. IGF-1 levels are higher in cases of severe endometriosis,however,in endometriosis and in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) IGF levels in the endometrium are reduced locally,which might explain how infertility be developed. Patients suffering from PCOS frequently show insulin resistance accompanied by an increase of action of IGF-1 locally in ovary and is related to clinical symptoms of PCOS. Perimenopausal women who exhibit high IGF-1 and low IGF binding protein (IGFBP) levels, like IGFBP-3,have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. A higher risk for cervical,ovarian and endometrial cancer is related to high IGF-1 levels in post-and premenopausal women.